Genesis 32:18 · JPS 1917
And he commanded the foremost, saying: 'When Esau my brother meeteth thee, and asketh thee, saying: Whose art thou? and whither goest thou? and whose are these before thee?
Who acts: sand, Esau, thou, these · What happens: command, say, meet, ask, be, go · To what, where: foremost, thee · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Genesis 32:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sand, Esau, thou, these), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 commanded | cc |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 commanded | nsubj |
| 3 | commanded | command | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 foremost | det |
| 5 | foremost | foremost | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 commanded | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 saying | punct |
| 7 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 commanded | advcl |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 14 meeteth | punct |
| 9 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 14 meeteth | punct |
| 10 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 14 meeteth | mark |
| 11 | Esau | Esau | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 meeteth | nsubj |
| 12 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 brother | nmod:poss |
| 13 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 Esau | appos |
| 14 | meeteth | meet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 saying | ccomp |
| 15 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 14 meeteth | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 asketh | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 asketh | cc |
| 18 | asketh | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 meeteth | conj |
| 19 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 18 asketh | obj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 saying | punct |
| 21 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 18 asketh | advcl |
| 22 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 23 Whose | punct |
| 23 | Whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Int | 21 saying | ccomp |
| 24 | art | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 Whose | cop |
| 25 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 23 Whose | nsubj |
| 26 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 23 Whose | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 goest | cc |
| 28 | whither | whither | ADV | PronType=Int | 29 goest | advmod |
| 29 | goest | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 Whose | conj |
| 30 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 29 goest | nsubj |
| 31 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 29 goest | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 whose | cc |
| 33 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Int | 23 Whose | conj |
| 34 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 whose | cop |
| 35 | these | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 33 whose | nsubj |
| 36 | before | before | ADP | _ | 37 thee | case |
| 37 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 35 these | nmod |
| 38 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 33 whose | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed form=decl, voice=narrator
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | command | past | sand | the foremost | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent foremost=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | gerund | sand not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | meet | present | Esau | thee | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thou=Co-Agent | ||||
| 4 | ask speech: ask | present | Esau not said here | thee | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent thou=Recipient | ||||
| 5 | say speech: assert | gerund | Esau not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | is a | present | thou | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | go | present | thou | whither property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 8 | is a | present | these | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיְצַ֥ו אֶת־הָרִאשׁ֖וֹן לֵאמֹ֑ר כִּ֣י יִֽפְגָּשְׁךָ֞עֵשָׂ֣ו אָחִ֗י וִשְׁאֵֽלְךָ֙לֵאמֹ֔ר לְמִי־אַ֙תָּה֙ וְאָ֣נָה תֵלֵ֔ךְ וּלְמִ֖י אֵ֥לֶּה לְפָנֶֽיךָ׃
Genesis 32:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:GEN:1017 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1017/