Genesis 32:19 · JPS 1917
then thou shalt say: They are thy servant Jacob's; it is a present sent unto my lord, even unto Esau; and, behold, he also is behind us.'
Who acts: thou, foals, foremost, Esau · What happens: say, be, send · To what, where: servant, present · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Genesis 32:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, foals, foremost, Esau), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 say | advmod |
| 2 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 4 say | nsubj |
| 3 | shalt | shall | AUX | Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin | 4 say | aux |
| 4 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 servant | punct |
| 6 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 servant | nsubj |
| 7 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 servant | cop |
| 8 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 9 servant | nmod:poss |
| 9 | servant | servant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 say | ccomp |
| 10 | Jacob | Jacob | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 servant | nmod:poss |
| 11 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 10 Jacob | case |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 present | punct |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 present | nsubj |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 present | cop |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 present | det |
| 16 | present | present | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 say | parataxis |
| 17 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 present | acl |
| 18 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 20 lord | case |
| 19 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 lord | nmod:poss |
| 20 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 sent | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 Esau | punct |
| 22 | even | even | ADV | _ | 24 Esau | advmod |
| 23 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 24 Esau | case |
| 24 | Esau | Esau | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 sent | obl |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 34 us | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 us | cc |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 behold | punct |
| 28 | behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 34 us | discourse |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 behold | punct |
| 30 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 us | nsubj |
| 31 | also | also | ADV | _ | 34 us | advmod |
| 32 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 us | cop |
| 33 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 34 us | case |
| 34 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 say | conj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 say | punct |
| 36 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 4 say | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- other
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=character, act=other
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | shall | thou | then | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | foals = foal | thy servant | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | foremost | a present | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | send | participle | a present not said here | unto my lord; unto Esau | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | is | present | Esau | behind us | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְאָֽמַרְתָּ֙ לְעַבְדְּךָ֣ לְיַעֲקֹ֔ב מִנְחָ֥ה הִוא֙ שְׁלוּחָ֔ה לַֽאדֹנִ֖י לְעֵשָׂ֑ו וְהִנֵּ֥ה גַם־ה֖וּא אַחֲרֵֽינוּ׃
Genesis 32:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:GEN:1018 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1018/