Genesis 32:19 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: thou, foals, foremost, Esau · What happens: say, be, send · To what, where: servant, present · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 32:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, foals, foremost, Esau — and what happens in the verse to servant, present, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְאָֽמַרְתָּ֙ לְעַבְדְּךָ֣ לְיַעֲקֹ֔ב מִנְחָ֥ה הִוא֙ שְׁלוּחָ֔ה לַֽאדֹנִ֖י לְעֵשָׂ֑ו וְהִנֵּ֥ה גַם־ה֖וּא אַחֲרֵֽינוּ׃

then thou shalt say: They are thy servant Jacob's; it is a present sent unto my lord, even unto Esau; and, behold, he also is behind us.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 אָֽמַרְתָּ֙	cc	and
2	אָֽמַרְתָּ֙	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	root	root	you will say
3	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	4 עַבְדּ	case	to
4	עַבְדּ	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 אָֽמַרְתָּ֙	ccomp	servant
5	ְךָ֣	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 עַבְדּ	nmod:poss	your
6	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	7 יַעֲקֹ֔ב	case	to
7	יַעֲקֹ֔ב	יַעֲקֹב	PROPN	_	4 עַבְדּ	nmod	Jacob
8	מִנְחָ֥ה	מִנְחָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	4 עַבְדּ	parataxis	a gift
9	הִוא֙	הִיא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 מִנְחָ֥ה	nsubj	it
10	שְׁלוּחָ֔ה	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	8 מִנְחָ֥ה	acl:relcl	[has been] sent
11	לַֽ	לְ	ADP	_	12 אדֹנ	case	to
12	אדֹנ	אָדוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 שְׁלוּחָ֔ה	obl	lord
13	ִ֖י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	12 אדֹנ	nmod:poss	my
14	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	15 עֵשָׂ֑ו	case	to
15	עֵשָׂ֑ו	עֵשָׂו	PROPN	_	12 אדֹנ	nmod	Esau
16	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 נוּ	cc	and
17	הִנֵּ֥ה	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	21 נוּ	discourse	there!
18	גַם־	גַּם	ADV	_	19 ה֖וּא	advmod	also
19	ה֖וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 נוּ	nsubj	he
20	אַחֲרֵֽי	אַחַר	ADP	_	21 נוּ	case	[is] behind
21	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 עַבְדּ	conj	us
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 נוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
אָֽמַרְתָּ you will say	weqatal · qal
שְׁלוּחָה [has been] sent	participle passive · qal		מִנְחָה a gift

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְתֵימַר לְעַבְדָךְ לְיַעֲקֹב תִּקְרֻבְתָּא הִיא דִמְשַׁלְּחָא לְרִבּוֹנִי לְעֵשָׂו וְהָא אַף הוּא אָתֵי בַתְרָנָא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

then thou shalt say: They are thy servant Jacob's; it is a present sent unto my lord, even unto Esau; and, behold, he also is behind us.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:946.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.32.19/