Genesis 44:4 · JPS 1917

And when they were gone out of the city, and were not yet far off, Joseph said unto his steward: 'Up, follow after the men; and when thou dost overtake them, say unto them: Wherefore have ye rewarded evil for good?

Who acts: men, Joseph, thou, ye · What happens: be, not be, say, follow, overtake, reward · To what, where: city, men, evil · Speech: someone speaks here

This is Genesis 44:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, Joseph, thou, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	And	and	CCONJ	_	19 said	cc
2	when	when	SCONJ	_	5 gone	mark
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 gone	nsubj
4	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 gone	cop
5	gone	go	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	19 said	advcl
6	out	out	ADP	_	9 city	case
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 city	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 city	det
9	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 gone	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 off	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 off	cc
12	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 off	cop
13	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	16 off	advmod
14	yet	yet	ADV	_	15 far	advmod
15	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	16 off	advmod
16	off	off	ADV	_	5 gone	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 gone	punct
18	Joseph	Joseph	PROPN	Number=Sing	19 said	nsubj
19	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
20	unto	unto	ADP	_	22 steward	case
21	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	22 steward	nmod:poss
22	steward	steward	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 said	obl
23	:	:	PUNCT	_	27 follow	punct
24	'	'	PUNCT	_	27 follow	punct
25	Up	up	ADV	_	27 follow	advmod
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 follow	punct
27	follow	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 said	ccomp
28	after	after	ADP	_	30 men	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 men	det
30	men	man	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 follow	obl
31	;	;	PUNCT	_	39 say	punct
32	and	and	CCONJ	_	39 say	cc
33	when	when	SCONJ	_	36 overtake	mark
34	thou	thou	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	36 overtake	nsubj
35	dost	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	36 overtake	aux
36	overtake	overtake	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	39 say	advcl
37	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	36 overtake	obj
38	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 overtake	punct
39	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	27 follow	conj
40	unto	unto	ADP	_	41 them	case
41	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	39 say	obl
42	:	:	PUNCT	_	46 rewarded	punct
43	Wherefore	wherefore	ADV	PronType=Int	46 rewarded	advmod
44	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	46 rewarded	aux
45	ye	ye	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	46 rewarded	nsubj
46	rewarded	reward	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	39 say	ccomp
47	evil	evil	NOUN	Number=Sing	46 rewarded	obj
48	for	for	ADP	_	49 good	case
49	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	46 rewarded	obl
50	?	?	PUNCT	_	39 say	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
polarity: none
teacher: changed voice=character

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	men = man		the city		go property	tree rules
2	not is	past	men = man not said here				far, off property	tree rules
3	say speech: assert	past	Joseph				unto Joseph's steward	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	follow	infinitive				after the men		vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent after man=Theme
5	overtake	present · do-support	thou	men = man				tree rules
6	say speech: assert	infinitive					unto men = man	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
7	reward	present · perfect	ye	evil			for good; wherefore property	vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent evil=Theme for good=Attribute

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

הֵ֠ם יָֽצְא֣וּ אֶת־הָעִיר֮ לֹ֣א הִרְחִיקוּ֒ וְיוֹסֵ֤ף אָמַר֙ לַֽאֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־בֵּית֔וֹ ק֥וּם רְדֹ֖ף אַחֲרֵ֣י הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֑ים וְהִשַּׂגְתָּם֙ וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵהֶ֔ם לָ֛מָּה שִׁלַּמְתֶּ֥ם רָעָ֖ה תַּ֥חַת טוֹבָֽה׃

Genesis 44:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:GEN:1441 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1441/