Genesis 28:12 · JPS 1917
And he dreamed, and behold a ladder set up on the earth, and the top of it reached to heaven; and behold the angels of God ascending and descending on it.
Who acts: Jacob, top, angels · What happens: dream, set up, reach, ascend, descend · To what, where: ladder, earth, top
This is Genesis 28:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jacob, top, angels), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 dreamed | cc |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 dreamed | nsubj |
| 3 | dreamed | dream | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 ladder | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 ladder | cc |
| 6 | behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 8 ladder | discourse |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 ladder | det |
| 8 | ladder | ladder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 dreamed | conj |
| 9 | set | set | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 ladder | acl |
| 10 | up | up | ADP | _ | 9 set | compound:prt |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 earth | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 earth | det |
| 13 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 set | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 reached | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 reached | cc |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 top | det |
| 17 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 reached | nsubj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 it | case |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 top | nmod |
| 20 | reached | reach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 dreamed | conj |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 heaven | case |
| 22 | heaven | heaven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 reached | obl |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 angels | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 angels | cc |
| 25 | behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 27 angels | discourse |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 angels | det |
| 27 | angels | angel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 dreamed | conj |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 God | case |
| 29 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 angels | nmod |
| 30 | ascending | ascend | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 27 angels | acl |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 descending | cc |
| 32 | descending | descend | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 30 ascending | conj |
| 33 | on | on | ADP | _ | 34 it | case |
| 34 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 descending | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 dreamed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dream | past | Jacob | vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | set up | participle | a ladder not said here | the earth | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on earth=Destination | ||||
| 3 | reach | past | the top of earth | to heaven | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | ascend | gerund | the angels of God not said here | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | descend | gerund | the angels of God not said here | top | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַֽיַּחֲלֹ֗ם וְהִנֵּ֤ה סֻלָּם֙ מֻצָּ֣ב אַ֔רְצָה וְרֹאשׁ֖וֹ מַגִּ֣יעַ הַשָּׁמָ֑יְמָה וְהִנֵּה֙ מַלְאֲכֵ֣י אֱלֹהִ֔ים עֹלִ֥ים וְיֹרְדִ֖ים בּֽוֹ׃
Genesis 28:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:GEN:837 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.837/