Leviticus 2:4 · JPS 1917
And when thou bringest a meal-offering baked in the oven, it shall be unleavened cakes of fine flour mingled with oil, or unleavened wafers spread with oil.
Who acts: thou, offering · What happens: bring, bake, be, mingle, spread · To what, where: meal offering, unleavened cakes, fine flour, unleavened wafers
This is Leviticus 2:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, offering), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 cakes | cc |
| 2 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 4 bringest | mark |
| 3 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 4 bringest | nsubj |
| 4 | bringest | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 cakes | advcl |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 offering | det |
| 6 | meal | meal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 offering | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 meal | punct |
| 8 | offering | offering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 bringest | obj |
| 9 | baked | bake | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 offering | acl |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 oven | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 oven | det |
| 12 | oven | oven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 baked | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 bringest | punct |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 cakes | nsubj |
| 15 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 18 cakes | aux |
| 16 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 18 cakes | cop |
| 17 | unleavened | unleavened | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 cakes | amod |
| 18 | cakes | cake | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 flour | case |
| 20 | fine | fine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 flour | amod |
| 21 | flour | flour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 cakes | nmod |
| 22 | mingled | mingle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 flour | acl |
| 23 | with | with | ADP | _ | 24 oil | case |
| 24 | oil | oil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 mingled | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 wafers | punct |
| 26 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 28 wafers | cc |
| 27 | unleavened | unleavened | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 wafers | amod |
| 28 | wafers | wafer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 cakes | conj |
| 29 | spread | spread | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 wafers | acl |
| 30 | with | with | ADP | _ | 31 oil | case |
| 31 | oil | oil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 spread | obl |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 cakes | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bring | present | thou | a meal offering | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent offering=Theme | ||||
| 2 | bake | participle | a meal offering not said here | in the oven | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V PP.result PP.instrument»: agent=Patient in oven=Instrument | ||||
| 3 | is a | shall | offering | unleavened cakes or unleavened wafers | of fine flour | tree rules | |||
| 4 | mingle | participle | fine flour not said here | with oil | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient with oil=Co-Patient | ||||
| 5 | spread | participle | unleavened wafers not said here | with oil | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְכִ֥י תַקְרִ֛ב קָרְבַּ֥ן מִנְחָ֖ה מַאֲפֵ֣ה תַנּ֑וּר סֹ֣לֶת חַלּ֤וֹת מַצֹּת֙ בְּלוּלֹ֣ת בַּשֶּׁ֔מֶן וּרְקִיקֵ֥י מַצּ֖וֹת מְשֻׁחִ֥ים בַּשָּֽׁמֶן׃ס
Leviticus 2:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:LEV:20 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.20/