Leviticus 18:25 · JPS 1917
And the land was defiled, therefore I did visit the iniquity thereof upon it, and the land vomited out her inhabitants.
Who acts: I, land · What happens: defile, visit, vomit out · To what, where: land, iniquity, inhabitants
This is Leviticus 18:25 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, land), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 defiled | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 land | det |
| 3 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 defiled | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 defiled | aux:pass |
| 5 | defiled | defile | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 visit | punct |
| 7 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 10 visit | advmod |
| 8 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 10 visit | nsubj |
| 9 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 visit | aux |
| 10 | visit | visit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 defiled | parataxis |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 iniquity | det |
| 12 | iniquity | iniquity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 visit | obj |
| 13 | thereof | thereof | ADV | _ | 12 iniquity | advmod |
| 14 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 15 it | case |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 visit | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 vomited | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 vomited | cc |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 land | det |
| 19 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 vomited | nsubj |
| 20 | vomited | vomit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 visit | conj |
| 21 | out | out | ADP | _ | 20 vomited | compound:prt |
| 22 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 inhabitants | nmod:poss |
| 23 | inhabitants | inhabitant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 vomited | obj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 defiled | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | defile | past · passive | the land | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | visit | past · do-support | I | the iniquity | upon land; therefore property | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent iniquity=Co-Agent | |||
| 3 | vomit out | past | the land | Molech's inhabitants | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent inhabitant=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַתִּטְמָ֣א הָאָ֔רֶץ וָאֶפְקֹ֥ד עֲוֺנָ֖הּ עָלֶ֑יהָ וַתָּקִ֥א הָאָ֖רֶץ אֶת־יֹשְׁבֶֽיהָ׃
Leviticus 18:25: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:LEV:536 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.536/