Leviticus 18:30 · JPS 1917
Therefore shall ye keep My charge, that ye do not any of these abominable customs, which were done before you, and that ye defile not yourselves therein: I am the LORD your God.
Who acts: ye, I, My · What happens: keep, do, not defile, be, charge · To what, where: charge, abominable customs, yourselves, LORD
This is Leviticus 18:30 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, I, My), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 4 keep | advmod |
| 2 | shall | shall | AUX | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 keep | aux |
| 3 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 4 keep | nsubj |
| 4 | keep | keep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 charge | nmod:poss |
| 6 | charge | charge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 keep | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 do | punct |
| 8 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 10 do | mark |
| 9 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 10 do | nsubj |
| 10 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 keep | ccomp |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 10 do | advmod |
| 12 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 10 do | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 customs | case |
| 14 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 16 customs | det |
| 15 | abominable | abominable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 customs | amod |
| 16 | customs | custom | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 any | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 done | punct |
| 18 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 done | nsubj:pass |
| 19 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 done | aux:pass |
| 20 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 customs | acl:relcl |
| 21 | before | before | ADP | _ | 22 you | case |
| 22 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 20 done | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 defile | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 defile | cc |
| 25 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 27 defile | mark |
| 26 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 27 defile | nsubj |
| 27 | defile | defile | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 do | conj |
| 28 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 27 defile | advmod |
| 29 | yourselves | yourselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 27 defile | obj |
| 30 | therein | therein | ADV | _ | 27 defile | advmod |
| 31 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 35 LORD | punct |
| 32 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 35 LORD | nsubj |
| 33 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 LORD | cop |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 LORD | det |
| 35 | LORD | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 keep | parataxis |
| 36 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 God | nmod:poss |
| 37 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 LORD | appos |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 keep | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- warn
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- changed act=warn
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | keep | shall | ye | My charge | therefore property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent charge=Theme | |||
| 2 | do | past · passive | this abominable customs | before you | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | not defile | present | ye | yourselves | therein property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | is a | present | I | the LORD | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | charge | My | nom charge «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וּשְׁמַרְתֶּ֣ם אֶת־מִשְׁמַרְתִּ֗י לְבִלְתִּ֨י עֲשׂ֜וֹת מֵחֻקּ֤וֹת הַתּֽוֹעֵבֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נַעֲשׂ֣וּ לִפְנֵיכֶ֔ם וְלֹ֥א תִֽטַּמְּא֖וּ בָּהֶ֑ם אֲנִ֖י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃פ
Leviticus 18:30: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:LEV:541 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.541/