Leviticus 22:25 · JPS 1917
Neither from the hand of a foreigner shall ye offer the bread of your God of any of these, because their corruption is in them, there is a blemish in them; they shall not be accepted for you.
Who acts: ye, corruption · What happens: offer, be, not accept · To what, where: bread, hand, stones
This is Leviticus 22:25 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, corruption), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 4 hand | cc |
| 2 | from | from | ADP | _ | 4 hand | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 hand | det |
| 4 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 offer | obl |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 foreigner | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 foreigner | det |
| 7 | foreigner | foreigner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 hand | nmod |
| 8 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 offer | aux |
| 9 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 10 offer | nsubj |
| 10 | offer | offer | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 bread | det |
| 12 | bread | bread | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 offer | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 God | case |
| 14 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 God | nmod:poss |
| 15 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 bread | nmod |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 any | case |
| 17 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 12 bread | nmod |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 these | case |
| 19 | these | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 17 any | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 them | punct |
| 21 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 26 them | mark |
| 22 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 corruption | nmod:poss |
| 23 | corruption | corruption | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 is | nsubj |
| 24 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 them | cop |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 them | case |
| 26 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 is | advcl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 is | punct |
| 28 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 29 is | expl |
| 29 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 offer | parataxis |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 blemish | det |
| 31 | blemish | blemish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 is | nsubj |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 them | case |
| 33 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 blemish | nmod |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 39 accepted | punct |
| 35 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 accepted | nsubj:pass |
| 36 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 39 accepted | aux |
| 37 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 39 accepted | advmod |
| 38 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 39 accepted | aux:pass |
| 39 | accepted | accept | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 offer | parataxis |
| 40 | for | for | ADP | _ | 41 you | case |
| 41 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 39 accepted | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 offer | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | offer | shall | ye | the bread of your God of any | the hand of a foreigner | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent bread=Theme | |||
| 2 | is | present | stones's corruption not said here | in stones = stone | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | be | present | stones's corruption | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | not accept | shall · passive | stones = stone | for you | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וּמִיַּ֣ד בֶּן־נֵכָ֗ר לֹ֥א תַקְרִ֛יבוּ אֶת־לֶ֥חֶם אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם מִכָּל־אֵ֑לֶּה כִּ֣י מָשְׁחָתָ֤ם בָּהֶם֙ מ֣וּם בָּ֔ם לֹ֥א יֵרָצ֖וּ לָכֶֽם׃פ
Leviticus 22:25: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:LEV:656 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.656/