Numbers 35:33 · JPS 1917
So ye shall not pollute the land wherein ye are; for blood, it polluteth the land; and no expiation can be made for the land for the blood that is shed therein, but by the blood of him that shed it.
Who acts: ye, land, blood · What happens: not pollute, pollute, make, shed · To what, where: land, expiation, blood
This is Numbers 35:33 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, land, blood), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 5 pollute | advmod |
| 2 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 5 pollute | nsubj |
| 3 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 pollute | aux |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 pollute | advmod |
| 5 | pollute | pollute | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 land | det |
| 7 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 pollute | obj |
| 8 | wherein | wherein | ADV | PronType=Int | 10 are | advmod |
| 9 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 10 are | nsubj |
| 10 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 land | acl:relcl |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 polluteth | punct |
| 12 | for | for | ADP | _ | 13 blood | case |
| 13 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 polluteth | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 polluteth | punct |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 polluteth | nsubj |
| 16 | polluteth | pollute | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 pollute | conj |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 land | det |
| 18 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 polluteth | obj |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 made | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 made | cc |
| 21 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 22 expiation | det |
| 22 | expiation | expiation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 made | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 made | aux |
| 24 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 25 made | aux:pass |
| 25 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 pollute | conj |
| 26 | for | for | ADP | _ | 28 land | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 land | det |
| 28 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 made | obl |
| 29 | for | for | ADP | _ | 31 blood | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 blood | det |
| 31 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 made | obl |
| 32 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 34 shed | nsubj:pass |
| 33 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 shed | aux:pass |
| 34 | shed | shed | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 blood | acl:relcl |
| 35 | therein | therein | ADV | _ | 34 shed | advmod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 blood | punct |
| 37 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 40 blood | cc |
| 38 | by | by | ADP | _ | 40 blood | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 blood | det |
| 40 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 made | obl |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 him | case |
| 42 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 blood | nmod |
| 43 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 44 shed | nsubj |
| 44 | shed | shed | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 blood | acl:relcl |
| 45 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 44 shed | obj |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 pollute | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not pollute | shall | ye | the land | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | pollute | present | land | the land | for blood | tree rules | |||
| 3 | make | can · passive | no expiation | for the land; for the blood; by the blood of murderer | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: subject=Product for land=Asset | ||||
| 4 | shed | present · passive | the blood | therein property | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Source | ||||
| 5 | shed | past | the blood of murderer | land | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location it=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְלֹֽא־תַחֲנִ֣יפוּ אֶת־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר אַתֶּם֙ בָּ֔הּ כִּ֣י הַדָּ֔ם ה֥וּא יַחֲנִ֖יף אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְלָאָ֣רֶץ לֹֽא־יְכֻפַּ֗ר לַדָּם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר שֻׁפַּךְ־בָּ֔הּ כִּי־אִ֖ם בְּדַ֥ם שֹׁפְכֽוֹ׃
Numbers 35:33: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:NUM:1309 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.1309/