Numbers 35:33 בְּמִדְבַּר

Who acts: ye, land, blood · What happens: not pollute, pollute, make, shed · To what, where: land, expiation, blood

This is Numbers 35:33 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, land, blood — and what happens in the verse to land, expiation, blood, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְלֹֽא־תַחֲנִ֣יפוּ אֶת־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר אַתֶּם֙ בָּ֔הּ כִּ֣י הַדָּ֔ם ה֥וּא יַחֲנִ֖יף אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְלָאָ֣רֶץ לֹֽא־יְכֻפַּ֗ר לַדָּם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר שֻׁפַּךְ־בָּ֔הּ כִּי־אִ֖ם בְּדַ֥ם שֹׁפְכֽוֹ׃

So ye shall not pollute the land wherein ye are; for blood, it polluteth the land; and no expiation can be made for the land for the blood that is shed therein, but by the blood of him that shed it.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 תַחֲנִ֣יפוּ	cc	and
2	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	3 תַחֲנִ֣יפוּ	advmod	not
3	תַחֲנִ֣יפוּ	חָנֵף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=2	root	root	you will pollute
4	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	6 אָ֗רֶץ	case	(et)
5	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 אָ֗רֶץ	det	the
6	אָ֗רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 תַחֲנִ֣יפוּ	obj	land
7	אֲשֶׁ֤ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	10 ָ֔הּ	mark	which
8	אַתֶּם֙	אַתֶּם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 ָ֔הּ	nsubj	you
9	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	10 ָ֔הּ	case	[are] in
10	ָ֔הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 אָ֗רֶץ	acl:relcl	it
11	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	15 יַחֲנִ֖יף	mark	(dm)
12	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 דָּ֔ם	det	(the)
13	דָּ֔ם	דָּם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 יַחֲנִ֖יף	dislocated	blood
14	ה֥וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 יַחֲנִ֖יף	nsubj	it
15	יַחֲנִ֖יף	חָנֵף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	3 תַחֲנִ֣יפוּ	advcl	it pollutes
16	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	18 אָ֑רֶץ	case	(et)
17	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 אָ֑רֶץ	det	the
18	אָ֑רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 יַחֲנִ֖יף	obj	land
19	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 יְכֻפַּ֗ר	cc	and
20	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	22 אָ֣רֶץ	case	for
21	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 אָ֣רֶץ	det	the
22	אָ֣רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 יְכֻפַּ֗ר	obl	land
23	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	24 יְכֻפַּ֗ר	advmod	not
24	יְכֻפַּ֗ר	כִּפֶּר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PUAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 תַחֲנִ֣יפוּ	conj	it will be atoned
25	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	27 דָּם֙	case	to
26	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	27 דָּם֙	det	the
27	דָּם֙	דָּם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	24 יְכֻפַּ֗ר	obl	blood
28	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	29 שֻׁפַּךְ־	mark	which
29	שֻׁפַּךְ־	שָׁפַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PUAL Number=Sing Person=3	27 דָּם֙	acl:relcl	it was shed
30	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	31 ָ֔הּ	case	in
31	ָ֔הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 שֻׁפַּךְ־	obl	it
32	כִּי־	כִּי	SCONJ	ExtPos=SCONJ	35 דַ֥ם	mark	(dm)
33	אִ֖ם	אִם	SCONJ	_	32 כִּי־	fixed	(if)
34	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	35 דַ֥ם	case	by
35	דַ֥ם	דָּם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	24 יְכֻפַּ֗ר	parataxis	the blood
36	שֹׁפְכ	שָׁפַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	35 דַ֥ם	compound:smixut	of
37	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	36 שֹׁפְכ	nmod:poss	the [one who] shed it
38	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	37 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes
indirect: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
not תַחֲנִיפוּ you will pollute	yiqtol · hiphil	אָרֶץ land
יַחֲנִיף it pollutes	yiqtol · hiphil	אָרֶץ land		הוּא it
שֻׁפַּךְ־ it was shed	qatal · pual
שֹׁפְכ of	participle active · qal		ֽוֹ the [one who] shed it

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְלָא תְּחַיְבוּן יָת אַרְעָא דִי אַתּוּן בָּהּ אֲרֵי דְמָא הוּא מְחַיַב יָת אַרְעָא וּלְאַרְעָא לָא מִתְכַפֵּר עַל דַם זַכַּאי דִי אִתְאַשֵׁד בַּהּ אֶלָהֵן בְּדַם אַשְׁדֵהּ

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

So ye shall not pollute the land wherein ye are; for blood, it polluteth the land; and no expiation can be made for the land for the blood that is shed therein, but by the blood of him that shed it.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NUM:1274.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.35.33/