R
- refer verb (refer, refers, referred, referring)
To refer to someone or something is to talk or write about them. - referee noun (a referee, referees); verb (referee, referees, refereed, refereeing)
1) A referee is the person who makes sure players follow the rules in a game like football, rugby or basketball, and decides what happens… - reference noun (a reference, references; also uncountable); verb (reference, references, referenced, referencing)
Talking about or mentioning something: "She made a reference to the trip.". - referendum noun (a referendum, referendums or referenda)
A referendum is a vote in which all the voters of a country or area decide one important question directly, usually by answering yes or no. - referent noun (a referent, referents)
The real thing, person or idea that a word or phrase points to: in «the dog barked», the referent of «the dog» is the actual dog. - referral noun (a referral, referrals)
1) A referral is the act of sending someone to another person or place that can help them better, especially from a family doctor to a… - refill verb (refill, refills, refilled, refilling); noun (a refill, refills)
To refill something is to fill it again after it has become empty. - refined adjective (more refined, most refined)
1) Polite, well-mannered and with good taste. 2) Pure, with the rough parts removed (refined sugar, refined gold). - refinement noun (refinements)
1) Good manners, fine taste and polish. 2) A small improvement or fine detail. 3) The cleaning of something to make it pure. - reflect verb (reflect, reflects, reflected, reflecting)
When a surface reflects light, sound or heat, it sends it back. - reflection noun (a reflection, reflections; reflection)
A reflection is the picture you see in a mirror, in water or on a shiny surface. - reflective adjective (reflective, more reflective, most reflective)
Reflective means able to send back light, like a mirror or the shiny strips on a safety vest. - reflector noun (a reflector, reflectors)
1) A reflector is something with a shiny surface that sends light (or heat or sound) back towards where it came from, such as the small… - reflex noun (reflex, reflexes); adjective use (a reflex action)
1) A reflex is something your body does by itself, very quickly, without you deciding to, such as blinking when something flies at your… - refocus verb (refocus, refocuses or refocusses, refocused or refocussed, refocusing or refocussing); noun (a refocus)
To bring your attention or effort back to something, or onto something new. - reform verb (reform, reforms, reformed, reforming); noun (a reform, reforms)
To change and improve a system, law or organisation. - reformation noun (the Reformation; a reformation, reformations)
1) (church, history) The Reformation was the time, about five hundred years ago in Europe, when some Christians broke away from the Roman… - reformer noun (a reformer, reformers; the Reformers — church history)
A reformer is a person who works to change something, such as laws, schools, prisons or society, to make it better and fairer. - refract verb (refract, refracts, refracted, refracting); noun refraction
To refract light is to bend it as it passes from one material into another, such as from air into water or glass. - refraction noun (refraction — uncountable)
1) Refraction is the bending of light (or sound or water waves) when it passes from one material into another, like from air into water or… - refrain verb (refrain, refrains, refrained, refraining); noun (a refrain, refrains)
To stop yourself from doing something: please refrain from talking. - refresh verb (refresh, refreshes, refreshed, refreshing); noun (a refresh — reloading a page)
To refresh means to make someone feel less tired or hot, and more lively again. - refreshment noun (refreshment, refreshments)
Refreshments are small amounts of food and drink offered at a meeting, show or party. - refreshments noun (plural; refreshment, refreshments)
small amounts of food and drink offered at a meeting, event or journey. - refrigerated adjective (refrigerated); past form of the verb refrigerate (refrigerate, refrigerates, refrigerated, refrigerating)
Refrigerated means kept cold in a fridge or a cold room so that food or medicine stays fresh. - refrigeration noun (refrigeration — uncountable)
Refrigeration is keeping things cold, especially food and medicine, using a fridge, freezer or other cooling machine. - refrigerator noun (a refrigerator, refrigerators)
1) A refrigerator is a kitchen machine like a cold cupboard that keeps food and drinks cool so they stay fresh longer. - refuel verb (refuel, refuels, refuelled (UK) / refueled (USA), refuelling (UK) / refueling (USA))
To refuel is to fill a car, plane, ship or other vehicle with fuel again. - refuge noun (refuge — uncountable; a refuge, refuges)
Refuge is safety or shelter from danger, trouble or bad weather. - refugee noun (a refugee, refugees)
1) A refugee is a person who has had to leave their home country because of war, danger or being treated cruelly, and who has gone to live… - refund noun (a refund, refunds); verb (refund, refunds, refunded, refunding)
A refund is money given back to you, usually because you returned something you bought or a service did not happen. - refurbishment noun (a refurbishment, refurbishments; also uncountable)
Refurbishment is the work of repairing, cleaning and redecorating a building or room so it looks and works like new. - refusal noun (a refusal, refusals)
1) A refusal is when someone says no, or will not do, give or accept something. - refuse verb (refuse, refuses, refused, refusing — stress on «fuse»); noun (refuse — stress on «ref», means rubbish)
To refuse means to say no, or to not do something you are asked to do. - refute verb (refute, refutes, refuted, refuting)
To refute an idea or claim is to prove that it is wrong. - regain verb (regain, regains, regained, regaining)
1) To get something back after losing it: regain your balance, regain the lead. 2) (formal) To reach a place again: they regained the shore. - regal adjective (more regal, most regal)
1) Fit for a king or queen; splendid and grand. 2) (formal) Having the proud, dignified manner of a king or queen. - regard verb (regard, regards, regarded, regarding); noun (regard, regards)
To regard someone or something as something is to think of them that way: I regard him as a friend. - regardless adverb (regardless); used in regardless of
Regardless means without paying attention to problems, warnings or difficulties; anyway. - regenerate verb (regenerate, regenerates, regenerated, regenerating); adjective (formal, rare: regenerate)
To regenerate is to grow again after being damaged or lost, as a lizard's tail or a starfish's arm can. - regeneration noun (regeneration — uncountable)
Regeneration is when a living thing grows back a lost part, such as a lizard's tail or a starfish's arm. - regent noun (a regent, regents); adjective after a noun (Prince Regent)
A person who rules a country for a king or queen who is too young, ill or away. - reggae noun (reggae — uncountable)
A kind of popular music from Jamaica, with a strong off-beat rhythm, often with words about love, peace, faith and fairness. - regime noun (a regime, regimes)
A government, especially one that rules strictly and does not let people choose (often negative). - regimen noun (a regimen, regimens)
A set plan of diet, exercise, medicine or care that someone follows to stay healthy or get better. - regiment noun (a regiment, regiments); verb (regiment, regiments, regimented, regimenting)
A large group of soldiers in an army, led by a colonel. - region noun (a region, regions)
A region is a large area of land or of a country, with its own features, such as a type of weather, plants or people. - regional adjective (regional)
1) Regional means to do with a particular region, an area of a country or the world, as in a regional accent or regional news. - register noun (a register, registers); verb (register, registers, registered, registering)
A register is an official list of names or things, like the list a teacher uses to check who is at school. - registrar noun (a registrar, registrars)
An official who keeps records, especially of births, marriages and deaths. - registration noun (registration, registrations)
Registration is putting names on an official list, such as signing up for a club or school. - registry noun (a registry, registries)
A registry is an official place or office where records are kept, for example of births, marriages and deaths. - regression noun (regression, regressions)
Going back to an earlier, worse or less developed state. - regret verb (regret, regrets, regretted, regretting); noun (regret, regrets)
To regret something is to feel sorry or sad about something you did or did not do, and wish it had been different. - regretfully adverb (regretfully)
In a sorry way, feeling sad about a mistake or a loss. - regrettable adjective (regrettable)
1) Unfortunate and something you wish had not happened; deserving regret. - regrow verb (regrow, regrows, regrew, regrown, regrowing)
1) To grow again after being cut, lost or damaged: Lizards can regrow their tails. 2) To make something grow again: regrow a forest. - regular adjective (regular, more regular, most regular); noun (a regular, regulars)
Regular means happening again and again at the same times or with the same space between («regular meals», «a regular heartbeat»). - regularity noun (regularity — usually uncountable; regularities)
The quality of happening at the same times or in the same way again and again. - regularly adverb
Regularly means often and at the same times, again and again, like every day or every week. - regulate verb (regulate, regulates, regulated, regulating)
To regulate something is to control it with rules or laws. - regulation noun (a regulation, regulations; also uncountable); adjective (regulation size)
An official rule made by a government or organisation. - regulator noun (a regulator, regulators)
A regulator is a device that controls something, like the pressure of gas or water or the speed of a clock. - regurgitate verb (regurgitate, regurgitates, regurgitated, regurgitating); noun regurgitation
To regurgitate food is to bring swallowed food back up into the mouth. - rehearsal noun (a rehearsal, rehearsals; rehearsal, uncountable)
A rehearsal is a practice of a play, concert, dance or show before the real performance. - rehearse verb (rehearse, rehearses, rehearsed, rehearsing)
To rehearse is to practise a play, song, dance or speech before doing it in front of people. - reheat verb (reheat, reheats, reheated, reheating)
1) To heat food or drink again after it has gone cold: reheat the soup. 2) To make something hot again in general. - rehomed verb (past form of rehome: rehome, rehomes, rehomed, rehoming); adjective (a rehomed dog)
of a pet: given away to new owners because the old owners could not or would not keep it. - rehouse verb (rehouse, rehouses, rehoused, rehousing)
To rehouse people is to give them a new home, usually because their old one is unsafe, destroyed or being knocked down. - reign noun (a reign, reigns); verb (reign, reigns, reigned, reigning)
To reign is to rule a country as a king, queen or emperor. - rein noun (a rein, reins); verb (rein, reins, reined, reining; usually «rein in»)
Reins are the long straps fixed to a horse's bit, used by the rider or driver to guide it. - reincarnation noun (reincarnation, reincarnations)
Reincarnation is the belief that after a person or animal dies, their soul is born again in a new body. - reindeer noun (a reindeer, reindeer)
1) A reindeer is a deer of the cold Arctic and northern lands, with thick fur and large branched antlers; in North America wild reindeer… - reinforce verb (reinforce, reinforces, reinforced, reinforcing)
To make something stronger, especially by adding material or support. - reinforced verb, past tense and past participle of reinforce (reinforce, reinforces, reinforced, reinforcing); adjective (reinforced)
Made stronger by adding more material or support: reinforced concrete. - reinforcement noun (reinforcement, reinforcements)
Something that makes another thing stronger, such as steel bars inside concrete. - reintroduce verb (reintroduce, reintroduces, reintroduced, reintroducing)
To reintroduce an animal or plant is to bring it back to a place where it used to live. - reintroduction noun (a reintroduction, reintroductions)
1) A reintroduction is when an animal or plant is brought back to a place it used to live. 2) It can mean bringing back a rule or product. - reject verb (reject, rejects, rejected, rejecting); noun (a reject, rejects)
To reject something is to refuse to accept, take or agree to it. - rejection noun (rejection, rejections)
Rejection is refusing to accept, use or agree to something: the rejection of a plan or an offer. - rejoice verb (rejoice, rejoices, rejoiced, rejoicing); noun rejoicing
To rejoice is to feel or show great joy or happiness. - rejoicing noun (plural rejoicings); verb form of rejoice (rejoice, rejoices, rejoiced, rejoicing)
Great joy and happy celebration, shown with parties, songs and dancing. - rejoin verb (rejoin, rejoins, rejoined, rejoining)
1) To rejoin a group, club or person is to join or meet them again. 2) (formal) To rejoin can mean to reply, often quickly or sharply. - rejoinder noun (a rejoinder, rejoinders — formal)
1) (formal) A quick reply, especially a clever, sharp or rude one. - rekindle verb (rekindle, rekindles, rekindled, rekindling)
To rekindle a fire is to light it again or make it burn strongly again. - relapse noun (a relapse, relapses); verb (relapse, relapses, relapsed, relapsing)
Becoming ill again after seeming to get better. - relate verb (relate, relates, related, relating)
To relate to something is to be connected with it. - related adjective (related, more related); verb form (past of relate: relate, relates, related, relating)
Related means connected in some way: «The two questions are related.». - relation noun (a relation, relations)
A member of your family; a relative: All our relations came for the party. - relations noun, plural of relation (a relation, relations)
Members of your family: aunts, uncles, cousins (relatives). - relationship noun (a relationship, relationships)
A relationship is the way two or more people or groups feel about and behave towards each other. - relative noun (a relative, relatives); adjective (relative)
A relative is a person in your family, like an aunt, uncle, cousin or grandparent. - relatively adverb (relatively)
Quite, fairly, when compared with others: «a relatively small school». - relax verb (relax, relaxes, relaxed, relaxing)
To relax means to rest and become calm and less worried or busy. - relaxed adjective; verb (past of relax: relax, relaxes, relaxed, relaxing)
1) Relaxed means calm and not worried or tense. 2) A relaxed place or rule is easy-going and not strict. 3) Relaxed is the past of relax… - relay noun (a relay, relays); verb (relay, relays, relayed, relaying)
1) A relay or relay race is a race between teams in which each runner or swimmer does one part and then passes on to the next, often by… - relearn verb (relearn, relearns, relearned or relearnt, relearning)
1) To learn something again that you have forgotten or lost. 2) To learn a new or better way of doing something you already did. - release verb (release, releases, released, releasing); noun (a release, releases; release, uncountable)
To release means to let go or set free: release a bird. - relent verb (relent, relents, relented, relenting)
1) To finally agree to something after first saying no; to become less strict. 2) (of weather, pain or pressure) To become less strong. - relentless adjective (more relentless, most relentless)
Never stopping or easing off; going on and on without mercy.
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