2 Chronicles 31:1 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב
Who acts: Israel, places, children · What happens: finish, be, go out, break, hew down, break down · To what, where: this, pillars, pieces, Asherim, high places, Judah
This is 2 Chronicles 31:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Israel, places, children — and what happens in the verse to this, pillars, pieces, Asherim, high places, Judah, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וּכְכַלּ֣וֹת כָּל־זֹ֗את יָצְא֨וּ כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֥להַֽנִּמְצְאִים֮ לְעָרֵ֣י יְהוּדָה֒ וַיְשַׁבְּר֣וּ הַמַּצֵּב֣וֹת וַיְגַדְּע֣וּ הָאֲשֵׁרִ֡ים וַיְנַתְּצ֣וּ אֶת־הַ֠בָּמוֹת וְאֶת־הַֽמִּזְבְּחֹ֞ת מִכָּל־יְהוּדָ֧ה וּבִנְיָמִ֛ן וּבְאֶפְרַ֥יִם וּמְנַשֶּׁ֖ה עַד־לְכַלֵּ֑ה וַיָּשׁ֜וּבוּ כָּל־בְּנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל אִ֥ישׁ לַאֲחֻזָּת֖וֹ לְעָרֵיהֶֽם׃ס
Now when all this was finished, all Israel that were present went out to the cities of Judah, and broke in pieces the pillars, and hewed down the Asherim, and broke down the high places and the altars out of all Judah and Benjamin, in Ephraim also and Manasseh, until they had destroyed them all. Then all the children of Israel returned, every man to his possession, into their own cities.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 6 יָצְא֨וּ | cc | and |
| 2 | כְ | כְּ | ADP | _ | 3 כַלּ֣וֹת | case | just |
| 3 | כַלּ֣וֹת | כָּלָה | VERB | HebBinyan=PIEL | 6 יָצְא֨וּ | advcl | as finished |
| 4 | כָּל־ | כֹּל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 3 כַלּ֣וֹת | nsubj | all |
| 5 | זֹ֗את | זֹאת | DET | Gender=Fem Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 כָּל־ | det | this |
| 6 | יָצְא֨וּ | יָצָא | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | root | root | they went out |
| 7 | כָּל־ | כֹּל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 6 יָצְא֨וּ | nsubj | all |
| 8 | יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל | יִשְׂרָאֵל | PROPN | _ | 7 כָּל־ | compound:smixut | Israel |
| 9 | הַֽ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 10 נִּמְצְאִים֮ | det | [who |
| 10 | נִּמְצְאִים֮ | מָצָא | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur | 7 כָּל־ | appos | were] found |
| 11 | לְ | לְ | ADP | _ | 12 עָרֵ֣י | case | to |
| 12 | עָרֵ֣י | עִיר | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 6 יָצְא֨וּ | obl | the cities |
| 13 | יְהוּדָה֒ | יְהוּדָה | PROPN | _ | 12 עָרֵ֣י | compound:smixut | of Judah |
| 14 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 15 יְשַׁבְּר֣וּ | cc | and |
| 15 | יְשַׁבְּר֣וּ | שָׁבַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3 | 6 יָצְא֨וּ | conj | they broke |
| 16 | הַ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 17 מַּצֵּב֣וֹת | det | the sacred |
| 17 | מַּצֵּב֣וֹת | מַצֵּבָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 15 יְשַׁבְּר֣וּ | obj | pillars |
| 18 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 19 יְגַדְּע֣וּ | cc | and |
| 19 | יְגַדְּע֣וּ | גָּדַע | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3 | 6 יָצְא֨וּ | conj | they cut down |
| 20 | הָ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 21 אֲשֵׁרִ֡ים | det | the Asherah |
| 21 | אֲשֵׁרִ֡ים | אֲשֵׁרָה | PROPN | _ | 19 יְגַדְּע֣וּ | obj | poles |
| 22 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 23 יְנַתְּצ֣וּ | cc | and |
| 23 | יְנַתְּצ֣וּ | נָתַץ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3 | 6 יָצְא֨וּ | conj | they pulled down |
| 24 | אֶת־ | אֵת | ADP | _ | 26 בָּמוֹת | case | (et) |
| 25 | הַ֠ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 26 בָּמוֹת | det | the high |
| 26 | בָּמוֹת | בָּמָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 23 יְנַתְּצ֣וּ | obj | places |
| 27 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 30 מִּזְבְּחֹ֞ת | cc | and |
| 28 | אֶת־ | אֵת | ADP | _ | 30 מִּזְבְּחֹ֞ת | case | (et) |
| 29 | הַֽ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 30 מִּזְבְּחֹ֞ת | det | the |
| 30 | מִּזְבְּחֹ֞ת | מִזְבֵּחַ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 26 בָּמוֹת | conj | altars |
| 31 | מִ | מִן | ADP | _ | 32 כָּל־ | case | from |
| 32 | כָּל־ | כֹּל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 23 יְנַתְּצ֣וּ | obl | all |
| 33 | יְהוּדָ֧ה | יְהוּדָה | PROPN | _ | 32 כָּל־ | compound:smixut | Judah |
| 34 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 35 בִנְיָמִ֛ן | cc | and |
| 35 | בִנְיָמִ֛ן | בִּנְיָמִן | PROPN | _ | 33 יְהוּדָ֧ה | conj | Benjamin |
| 36 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 38 אֶפְרַ֥יִם | cc | and |
| 37 | בְ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 38 אֶפְרַ֥יִם | case | in |
| 38 | אֶפְרַ֥יִם | אֶפְרַיִם | PROPN | _ | 32 כָּל־ | conj | Ephraim |
| 39 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 40 מְנַשֶּׁ֖ה | cc | and |
| 40 | מְנַשֶּׁ֖ה | מְנַשֶּׁה | PROPN | _ | 38 אֶפְרַ֥יִם | conj | Manasseh |
| 41 | עַד־ | עַד | ADP | _ | 43 כַלֵּ֑ה | case | until |
| 42 | לְ | לְ | ADP | _ | 43 כַלֵּ֑ה | case | (to) |
| 43 | כַלֵּ֑ה | כָּלָה | VERB | HebBinyan=PIEL | 23 יְנַתְּצ֣וּ | advcl | finished |
| 44 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 45 יָּשׁ֜וּבוּ | cc | and |
| 45 | יָּשׁ֜וּבוּ | שׁוּב | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 6 יָצְא֨וּ | conj | they returned |
| 46 | כָּל־ | כֹּל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 45 יָּשׁ֜וּבוּ | nsubj | all |
| 47 | בְּנֵ֧י | בֵּן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 46 כָּל־ | compound:smixut | the people |
| 48 | יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל | יִשְׂרָאֵל | PROPN | _ | 47 בְּנֵ֧י | compound:smixut | of Israel |
| 49 | אִ֥ישׁ | אִישׁ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 45 יָּשׁ֜וּבוּ | obl | each |
| 50 | לַ | לְ | ADP | _ | 51 אֲחֻזָּת | case | to |
| 51 | אֲחֻזָּת | אֲחֻזָּה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 45 יָּשׁ֜וּבוּ | obl | possession |
| 52 | ֖וֹ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 51 אֲחֻזָּת | nmod:poss | his |
| 53 | לְ | לְ | ADP | _ | 54 עָרֵי | case | to |
| 54 | עָרֵי | עִיר | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 45 יָּשׁ֜וּבוּ | obl | cities |
| 55 | הֶֽם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 54 עָרֵי | nmod:poss | their |
| 56 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 55 הֶֽם | punct | |
| 57 | ס | ס | PUNCT | _ | 55 הֶֽם | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| כַלּוֹת as finished | infinitive construct · piel | זֹאת this | |||
| יָצְאוּ they went out | qatal · qal | יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel | |||
| נִּמְצְאִים were] found | participle active · niphal | יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel | |||
| יְשַׁבְּרוּ they broke | wayyiqtol · piel | יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel | מַּצֵּבוֹת pillars | ||
| יְגַדְּעוּ they cut down | wayyiqtol · piel | יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel | אֲשֵׁרִים poles | ||
| יְנַתְּצוּ they pulled down | wayyiqtol · piel | יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel | בָּמוֹת places + מִּזְבְּחֹת altars | ||
| כַלֵּה finished | infinitive construct · piel | יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel | |||
| יָּשׁוּבוּ they returned | wayyiqtol · qal | בְּנֵי the people |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
- Now when all this was finished, all Israel that were present went out to the cities of Judah, and broke in pieces the pillars, and hewed down the Asherim, and broke down the high places and the altars out of all Judah and Benjamin, in Ephraim also and Manasseh, until they had destroyed them all.
- Then all the children of Israel returned, every man to his possession, into their own cities.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:2CH:660.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.31.1/