Deuteronomy 4:23 דְּבָרִים

Who acts: you, ye, LORD · What happens: take, forget, make, forbid, covenant · To what, where: heed, covenant, graven image, you, thing

This is Deuteronomy 4:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, ye, LORD — and what happens in the verse to heed, covenant, graven image, you, thing, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הִשָּׁמְר֣וּ לָכֶ֗ם פֶּֽן־תִּשְׁכְּחוּ֙ אֶת־בְּרִ֤ית יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹ֣הֵיכֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר כָּרַ֖ת עִמָּכֶ֑ם וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֨ם לָכֶ֥ם פֶּ֙סֶל֙ תְּמ֣וּנַת כֹּ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוְּךָ֖ יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃

Take heed unto yourselves, lest ye forget the covenant of the LORD your God, which He made with you, and make you a graven image, even the likeness of any thing which the LORD thy God hath forbidden thee.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הִשָּׁמְר֣וּ	שָׁמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=2	root	root	take heed
2	ל	לְ	ADP	_	3 ָכֶ֗ם	case	to
3	ָכֶ֗ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	1 הִשָּׁמְר֣וּ	obl	yourselves
4	פֶּֽן־	פֶּן	SCONJ	_	5 תִּשְׁכְּחוּ֙	mark	lest
5	תִּשְׁכְּחוּ֙	שָׁכַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	1 הִשָּׁמְר֣וּ	advcl	you should forget
6	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	7 בְּרִ֤ית	case	(et)
7	בְּרִ֤ית	בְּרִית	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	5 תִּשְׁכְּחוּ֙	obj	the covenant
8	יְהוָה֙	יהוה	PROPN	_	7 בְּרִ֤ית	compound:smixut	of Yahweh
9	אֱלֹ֣הֵי	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	8 יְהוָה֙	appos	God
10	כֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 אֱלֹ֣הֵי	nmod:poss	your
11	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	12 כָּרַ֖ת	mark	which
12	כָּרַ֖ת	כָּרַת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	7 בְּרִ֤ית	acl:relcl	he has made
13	עִמּ	עִם	ADP	_	14 ָכֶ֑ם	case	with
14	ָכֶ֑ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	12 כָּרַ֖ת	obl	you
15	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 עֲשִׂיתֶ֨ם	cc	and
16	עֲשִׂיתֶ֨ם	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	5 תִּשְׁכְּחוּ֙	conj	you will make
17	ל	לְ	ADP	_	18 ָכֶ֥ם	case	for
18	ָכֶ֥ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	16 עֲשִׂיתֶ֨ם	obl	yourselves
19	פֶּ֙סֶל֙	פֶּסֶל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 עֲשִׂיתֶ֨ם	obj	an image
20	תְּמ֣וּנַת	תְּמוּנָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	19 פֶּ֙סֶל֙	appos	a form
21	כֹּ֔ל	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 תְּמ֣וּנַת	compound:smixut	of anything
22	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	23 צִוּ	mark	which
23	צִוּ	צָוָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	21 כֹּ֔ל	acl:relcl	he
24	ְךָ֖	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	23 צִוּ	obj	commanded you
25	יְהוָ֥ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	23 צִוּ	nsubj	Yahweh
26	אֱלֹהֶֽי	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	25 יְהוָ֥ה	appos	God
27	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	26 אֱלֹהֶֽי	nmod:poss	your
28	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	27 ךָ	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)
הִשָּׁמְרוּ take heed	imperative · niphal
תִּשְׁכְּחוּ you should forget	yiqtol · qal		בְּרִית the covenant
כָּרַת he has made	qatal · qal	יְהוָה of Yahweh	בְּרִית the covenant
עֲשִׂיתֶם you will make	weqatal · qal		פֶּסֶל an image
צִוּ he	qatal · piel	יְהוָה Yahweh	כֹּל of anything	ְךָ commanded you

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

אִסְתַּמָרוּ לְכוֹן דִילְמָא תִתְנְשׁוּן יָת קְיָמָא דַיְיָ אֱלָהֲכוֹן דִי גְזַר עִמְכוֹן וְתַעְבְּדוּן לְכוֹן צֶלֶם דְמוּת כֹּלָא דִי פַקְדָךְ יְיָ אֱלָהָךְ

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Take heed unto yourselves, lest ye forget the covenant of the LORD your God, which He made with you, and make you a graven image, even the likeness of any thing which the LORD thy God hath forbidden thee.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:DEU:134.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.4.23/