Exodus 22:24 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: thou, ye · What happens: lend, not be, lay · To what, where: money, any, interest

This is Exodus 22:24 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, ye — and what happens in the verse to money, any, interest, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אִם־כֶּ֣סֶף ׀ תַּלְוֶ֣ה אֶת־עַמִּ֗י אֶת־הֶֽעָנִי֙ עִמָּ֔ךְ לֹא־תִהְיֶ֥ה ל֖וֹ כְּנֹשֶׁ֑ה לֹֽא־תְשִׂימ֥וּן עָלָ֖יו נֶֽשֶׁךְ׃

If thou lend money to any of My people, even to the poor with thee, thou shalt not be to him as a creditor; neither shall ye lay upon him interest.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	אִם־	אִם	SCONJ	_	4 תַּלְוֶ֣ה	mark	if
2	כֶּ֣סֶף	כֶּסֶף	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 תַּלְוֶ֣ה	xcomp	money
3	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	2 כֶּ֣סֶף	punct
4	תַּלְוֶ֣ה	לָוָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=2	20 תְשִׂימ֥וּ	advcl	you will lend to
5	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	6 עַמּ	case	(et)
6	עַמּ	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 תַּלְוֶ֣ה	obj	people
7	ִ֗י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 עַמּ	nmod:poss	my
8	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	10 עָנִי֙	case	(et)
9	הֶֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 עָנִי֙	det	the poor
10	עָנִי֙	עָנִי	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 עַמּ	appos	[person]
11	עִמּ	עִם	ADP	_	12 ָ֔ךְ	case	with
12	ָ֔ךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 עָנִי֙	nmod	you
13	לֹא־	לֹא	ADV	_	16 ֖וֹ	advmod	not
14	תִהְיֶ֥ה	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	16 ֖וֹ	cop	you must be
15	ל	לְ	ADP	_	16 ֖וֹ	case	to
16	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 תְשִׂימ֥וּ	parataxis	him
17	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	18 נֹשֶׁ֑ה	case	like
18	נֹשֶׁ֑ה	נשׁא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	16 ֖וֹ	advcl	a creditor
19	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	20 תְשִׂימ֥וּ	advmod	not
20	תְשִׂימ֥וּ	שׂים	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	root	root	you
21	ן	נ	X	_	20 תְשִׂימ֥וּ	nmod	must put
22	עָלָ֖י	עַל	ADP	_	23 ו	case	on
23	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 תְשִׂימ֥וּ	obl	him
24	נֶֽשֶׁךְ	נֶשֶׁךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 תְשִׂימ֥וּ	obj	interest
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 נֶֽשֶׁךְ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes
indirect: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
תַּלְוֶה you will lend to	yiqtol · hiphil	עַמּ people	כֶּסֶף money
תִהְיֶה you must be	yiqtol · qal
not תְשִׂימוּ you	yiqtol · qal		נֶֽשֶׁךְ interest

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

אִם כַּסְפָּא תּוֹזֵף בְּעַמִי לְּעַנְיָא דִי עִמָךְ לָא תְהֵי לֵהּ כְּרַשְׁיָא לָא תְשַׁוּוֹן עֲלוֹהִי חִבּוּלְיָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

If thou lend money to any of My people, even to the poor with thee, thou shalt not be to him as a creditor; neither shall ye lay upon him interest.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:605.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.22.24/