Genesis 19:16 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: Lot, men, LORD, lords · What happens: linger, lay, be, bring, set · To what, where: hold, hand, Lot

This is Genesis 19:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Lot, men, LORD, lords — and what happens in the verse to hold, hand, Lot, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַֽיִּתְמַהְמָ֓הּ ׀ וַיַּחֲזִ֨קוּ הָאֲנָשִׁ֜ים בְּיָד֣וֹ וּבְיַד־אִשְׁתּ֗וֹ וּבְיַד֙ שְׁתֵּ֣י בְנֹתָ֔יו בְּחֶמְלַ֥ת יְהוָ֖ה עָלָ֑יו וַיֹּצִאֻ֥הוּ וַיַּנִּחֻ֖הוּ מִח֥וּץ לָעִֽיר׃

But he lingered; and the men laid hold upon his hand, and upon the hand of his wife, and upon the hand of his two daughters; the LORD being merciful unto him. And they brought him forth, and set him without the city.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּתְמַהְמָ֓הּ	cc	and
2	יִּתְמַהְמָ֓הּ	מָהַהּ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPALPEL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he delayed
3	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	2 יִּתְמַהְמָ֓הּ	punct
4	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 יַּחֲזִ֨קוּ	cc	and
5	יַּחֲזִ֨קוּ	חָזַק	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּתְמַהְמָ֓הּ	conj	they took hold
6	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 אֲנָשִׁ֜ים	det	the
7	אֲנָשִׁ֜ים	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 יַּחֲזִ֨קוּ	nsubj	men
8	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	9 יָד	case	on
9	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 יַּחֲזִ֨קוּ	obl	hand
10	֣וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 יָד	nmod:poss	his
11	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יַד־	cc	and
12	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	13 יַד־	case	on
13	יַד־	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 יָד	conj	the hand
14	אִשְׁתּ	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	13 יַד־	compound:smixut	his wife
15	֗וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 אִשְׁתּ	nmod:poss	his
16	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יַד֙	cc	and
17	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	18 יַד֙	case	on
18	יַד֙	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 יָד	conj	the hand
19	שְׁתֵּ֣י	שְׁנַיִם	NUM	Gender=Fem Number=Dual	20 בְנֹתָ֔י	nummod	of the two
20	בְנֹתָ֔י	בַּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	18 יַד֙	compound:smixut	daughters
21	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 בְנֹתָ֔י	nmod:poss	his
22	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	23 חֶמְלַ֥ת	case	in
23	חֶמְלַ֥ת	חֶמְלָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	5 יַּחֲזִ֨קוּ	obl	the mercy
24	יְהוָ֖ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	23 חֶמְלַ֥ת	compound:smixut	of Yahweh
25	עָלָ֑י	עַל	ADP	_	26 ו	case	towards
26	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 חֶמְלַ֥ת	nmod	him
27	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 יֹּצִאֻ֥	cc	and
28	יֹּצִאֻ֥	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּתְמַהְמָ֓הּ	conj	they
29	הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 יֹּצִאֻ֥	obj	brought him out
30	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	31 יַּנִּחֻ֖	cc	and
31	יַּנִּחֻ֖	נוח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּתְמַהְמָ֓הּ	conj	they
32	הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 יַּנִּחֻ֖	obj	placed him
33	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	34 ח֥וּץ	case	from [the]
34	ח֥וּץ	חוּץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	31 יַּנִּחֻ֖	obl	outside
35	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	37 עִֽיר	case	of
36	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	37 עִֽיר	det	the
37	עִֽיר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	34 ח֥וּץ	nmod	city
38	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	37 עִֽיר	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִּתְמַהְמָהּ he delayed	wayyiqtol · hithpalpel
יַּחֲזִקוּ they took hold	wayyiqtol · hiphil	אֲנָשִׁים men
יֹּצִאֻ they	wayyiqtol · hiphil	הוּ brought him out	אֲנָשִׁים men
יַּנִּחֻ they	wayyiqtol · hiphil	הוּ placed him	אֲנָשִׁים men

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְאִתְעַכַּב וְאַתְקִיפוּ גֻּבְרַיָּא בִּידֵהּ וּבִידָא דְּאִתְּתֵהּ וּבִידָא דְתַּרְתֵּין בְּנָתֵהּ כִּרְחַם (נ''י כַּד חָס) יְיָ עֲלוֹהִי וְאַפְּקוּהִי וְאַשְׁרוּהי מִבָּרָא לְקַרְתָּא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:473.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.19.16/