Genesis 42:28 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: corn, money, heart, words, God · What happens: say, restore, be, fail, turn, tremble · To what, where: money, sack, words, one · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 42:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — corn, money, heart, words, God — and what happens in the verse to money, sack, words, one, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֶל־אֶחָיו֙ הוּשַׁ֣ב כַּסְפִּ֔י וְגַ֖ם הִנֵּ֣ה בְאַמְתַּחְתִּ֑י וַיֵּצֵ֣א לִבָּ֗ם וַיֶּֽחֶרְד֞וּ אִ֤ישׁ אֶל־אָחִיו֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר מַה־זֹּ֛את עָשָׂ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים לָֽנוּ׃

And he said unto his brethren: 'My money is restored; and, lo, it is even in my sack.' And their heart failed them, and they turned trembling one to another, saying: 'What is this that God hath done unto us?'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֤אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	4 אֶחָי	case	to
4	אֶחָי	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	obl	brothers
5	ו֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 אֶחָי	nmod:poss	his
6	הוּשַׁ֣ב	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HOPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	ccomp	it has been returned
7	כַּסְפּ	כֶּסֶף	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 הוּשַׁ֣ב	nsubj	silver
8	ִ֔י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 כַּסְפּ	nmod:poss	my
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 אַמְתַּחְתּ	cc	and
10	גַ֖ם	גַּם	ADV	_	13 אַמְתַּחְתּ	advmod	also
11	הִנֵּ֣ה	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	13 אַמְתַּחְתּ	discourse	here!
12	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	13 אַמְתַּחְתּ	case	in
13	אַמְתַּחְתּ	אַמְתַּחַת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	6 הוּשַׁ֣ב	conj	sack
14	ִ֑י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	13 אַמְתַּחְתּ	nmod:poss	my
15	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יֵּצֵ֣א	cc	and
16	יֵּצֵ֣א	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	conj	it went out
17	לִבּ	לֵב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 יֵּצֵ֣א	nsubj	heart
18	ָ֗ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 לִבּ	nmod:poss	their
19	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 יֶּֽחֶרְד֞וּ	cc	and
20	יֶּֽחֶרְד֞וּ	חָרַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	conj	they trembled
21	אִ֤ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 יֶּֽחֶרְד֞וּ	obl	each
22	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	23 אָחִי	case	to
23	אָחִי	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 אִ֤ישׁ	nmod	brother
24	ו֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 אָחִי	nmod:poss	his
25	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	27 מַה־	mark	(cmp)
26	אמֹ֔ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	25 לֵ	fixed
27	מַה־	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	20 יֶּֽחֶרְד֞וּ	advcl	what?
28	זֹּ֛את	זֹאת	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing PronType=Dem	27 מַה־	nsubj	this
29	עָשָׂ֥ה	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	28 זֹּ֛את	acl	has he done
30	אֱלֹהִ֖ים	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	29 עָשָׂ֥ה	nsubj	God
31	ל	לְ	ADP	_	32 ָֽנוּ	case	to
32	ָֽנוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	29 עָשָׂ֥ה	obl	us
33	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	32 ָֽנוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal
הוּשַׁב it has been returned	qatal · hophal		כַּסְפּ silver
יֵּצֵא it went out	wayyiqtol · qal	לִבּ heart
יֶּֽחֶרְדוּ they trembled	wayyiqtol · qal
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal
עָשָׂה has he done	qatal · qal	אֱלֹהִים God	זֹּאת this

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַאֲמַר לַאֲחוֹהִי אִתּוֹתַב כַּסְפִּי וְאַף הָא בְטּוֹעֲנִי וּנְפַק מַדַּע לִבְּהוֹן וּתְוָהוּ גְּבַר לַאֲחוּהִי לְמֵימַר מָה דָּא עֲבַד יְיָ לָנָא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And he said unto his brethren: 'My money is restored; and, lo, it is even in my sack.' And their heart failed them, and they turned trembling one to another, saying: 'What is this that God hath done unto us?'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1280.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.42.28/