Genesis 44:23 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: thou, youngest brother, ye · What happens: say, come down, see · To what, where: face · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 44:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, youngest brother, ye — and what happens in the verse to face, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־עֲבָדֶ֔יךָ אִם־לֹ֥א יֵרֵ֛ד אֲחִיכֶ֥ם הַקָּטֹ֖ן אִתְּכֶ֑ם לֹ֥א תֹסִפ֖וּן לִרְא֥וֹת פָּנָֽי׃

And thou saidst unto thy servants: Except your youngest brother come down with you, ye shall see my face no more.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 תֹּ֙אמֶר֙	cc	and
2	תֹּ֙אמֶר֙	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	root	root	you said
3	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	4 עֲבָדֶ֔י	case	to
4	עֲבָדֶ֔י	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 תֹּ֙אמֶר֙	obl	servants
5	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 עֲבָדֶ֔י	nmod:poss	your
6	אִם־	אִם	SCONJ	_	8 יֵרֵ֛ד	mark	if
7	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	8 יֵרֵ֛ד	advmod	not
8	יֵרֵ֛ד	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	16 תֹסִפ֖וּ	advcl	he will come down
9	אֲחִי	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 יֵרֵ֛ד	nsubj	brother
10	כֶ֥ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 אֲחִי	nmod:poss	your
11	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 קָּטֹ֖ן	det	(the)
12	קָּטֹ֖ן	קָטֹן	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 אֲחִי	amod	young
13	אִתּ	אֵת	ADP	_	14 ְכֶ֑ם	case	with
14	ְכֶ֑ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	8 יֵרֵ֛ד	obl	you
15	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	16 תֹסִפ֖וּ	advmod	not
16	תֹסִפ֖וּ	יָסַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=2	2 תֹּ֙אמֶר֙	ccomp	you
17	ן	נ	X	_	16 תֹסִפ֖וּ	nmod	will repeat
18	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	19 רְא֥וֹת	case	to
19	רְא֥וֹת	רָאָה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	16 תֹסִפ֖וּ	advcl	see
20	פָּנ	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 רְא֥וֹת	obj	face
21	ָֽי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	20 פָּנ	nmod:poss	my
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 ָֽי	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
indirect: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
תֹּאמֶר you said	wayyiqtol · qal
not יֵרֵד he will come down	yiqtol · qal	אֲחִי brother
not תֹסִפוּ you	yiqtol · hiphil	עֲבָדֶי servants
רְאוֹת see	infinitive construct · qal	עֲבָדֶי servants	פָּנ face

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַאֲמַרְתָּ לְעַבְדָּיךְ אִם לָא יֵחוֹת אֲחוּכוֹן זְעֵירָא עִמְּכוֹן לָא תוֹסְפוּן לְמֶחֱזֵי אַפָּי

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And thou saidst unto thy servants: Except your youngest brother come down with you, ye shall see my face no more.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1347.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.44.23/