Leviticus 16:22 וַיִּקְרָא

Who acts: goat, man · What happens: bear, cut off, let, go · To what, where: iniquities, land, goat, wilderness

This is Leviticus 16:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — goat, man — and what happens in the verse to iniquities, land, goat, wilderness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 27 chapters of Leviticus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְנָשָׂ֨א הַשָּׂעִ֥יר עָלָ֛יו אֶת־כָּל־עֲוֺנֹתָ֖ם אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ גְּזֵרָ֑ה וְשִׁלַּ֥ח אֶת־הַשָּׂעִ֖יר בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃

And the goat shall bear upon him all their iniquities unto a land which is cut off; and he shall let go the goat in the wilderness.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 נָשָׂ֨א	cc	and
2	נָשָׂ֨א	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it will bear
3	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 שָּׂעִ֥יר	det	the male
4	שָּׂעִ֥יר	שָׂעִיר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 נָשָׂ֨א	nsubj	goat
5	עָלָ֛י	עַל	ADP	_	6 ו	case	on
6	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 נָשָׂ֨א	obl	itself
7	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	8 כָּל־	case	(et)
8	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 נָשָׂ֨א	obj	all
9	עֲוֺנֹת	עָוֺן	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 כָּל־	compound:smixut	iniquities
10	ָ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 עֲוֺנֹת	nmod:poss	their
11	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	12 אֶ֣רֶץ	case	into
12	אֶ֣רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 נָשָׂ֨א	obl	a land
13	גְּזֵרָ֑ה	גְּזֵרָה	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	12 אֶ֣רֶץ	amod	infertile
14	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 שִׁלַּ֥ח	cc	and
15	שִׁלַּ֥ח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	2 נָשָׂ֨א	conj	he will let go
16	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	18 שָּׂעִ֖יר	case	(et)
17	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 שָּׂעִ֖יר	det	the male
18	שָּׂעִ֖יר	שָׂעִיר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 שִׁלַּ֥ח	obj	goat
19	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	21 מִּדְבָּֽר	case	in
20	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	21 מִּדְבָּֽר	det	the
21	מִּדְבָּֽר	מִדְבָּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 שִׁלַּ֥ח	obl	wilderness
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 מִּדְבָּֽר	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
נָשָׂא it will bear	weqatal · qal	שָּׂעִיר goat	עֲוֺנֹת iniquities
שִׁלַּח he will let go	weqatal · piel		שָּׂעִיר goat

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְיִטוֹל צְפִירָא עֲלוֹהִי יָת כָּל חוֹבֵיהוֹן לְאַרְעָא דְלָא יָתְבָא וִישַׁלַח יַת צְפִירָא בְּמַדְבְּרָא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the goat shall bear upon him all their iniquities unto a land which is cut off; and he shall let go the goat in the wilderness.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:LEV:477.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.16.22/