Leviticus 26:40 וַיִּקְרָא

Who acts: enemies · What happens: confess, commit, walk · To what, where: iniquity, treachery

This is Leviticus 26:40 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — enemies — and what happens in the verse to iniquity, treachery, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 27 chapters of Leviticus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהִתְוַדּ֤וּ אֶת־עֲוֺנָם֙ וְאֶת־עֲוֺ֣ן אֲבֹתָ֔ם בְּמַעֲלָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר מָֽעֲלוּ־בִ֑י וְאַ֕ף אֲשֶׁר־הָֽלְכ֥וּ עִמִּ֖י בְּקֶֽרִי׃

And they shall confess their iniquity, and the iniquity of their fathers, in their treachery which they committed against Me, and also that they have walked contrary unto Me.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 הִתְוַדּ֤וּ	cc	and
2	הִתְוַדּ֤וּ	יָדָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they will confess
3	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	4 עֲוֺנ	case	(et)
4	עֲוֺנ	עָוֺן	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 הִתְוַדּ֤וּ	obj	iniquity
5	ָם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 עֲוֺנ	nmod:poss	their
6	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 עֲוֺ֣ן	cc	and
7	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	8 עֲוֺ֣ן	case	(et)
8	עֲוֺ֣ן	עָוֺן	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 עֲוֺנ	conj	the iniquity
9	אֲבֹת	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	8 עֲוֺ֣ן	compound:smixut	their ancestors
10	ָ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 אֲבֹת	nmod:poss	their
11	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	12 מַעֲל	case	by
12	מַעֲל	מַעַל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 הִתְוַדּ֤וּ	obl	unfaithfulness
13	ָ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 מַעֲל	nmod:poss	their
14	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	15 מָֽעֲלוּ־	mark	which
15	מָֽעֲלוּ־	מָעַל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	12 מַעֲל	acl:relcl	they acted unfaithfully
16	ב	בְּ	ADP	_	17 ִ֑י	case	against
17	ִ֑י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	15 מָֽעֲלוּ־	obl	me
18	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 הָֽלְכ֥וּ	cc	and
19	אַ֕ף	אַף	ADV	_	21 הָֽלְכ֥וּ	advmod	also
20	אֲשֶׁר־	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	21 הָֽלְכ֥וּ	mark	(cmp)
21	הָֽלְכ֥וּ	הָלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	15 מָֽעֲלוּ־	conj	they walked
22	עִמּ	עִם	ADP	_	23 ִ֖י	case	with
23	ִ֖י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	21 הָֽלְכ֥וּ	obl	me
24	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	25 קֶֽרִי	case	in
25	קֶֽרִי	קְרִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 הָֽלְכ֥וּ	obl	contrariness
26	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	25 קֶֽרִי	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	what, whom (A1)
הִתְוַדּוּ they will confess	weqatal · hithpael	עֲוֺנ iniquity + עֲוֺן the iniquity
מָֽעֲלוּ־ they acted unfaithfully	qatal · qal
הָֽלְכוּ they walked	qatal · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וִיוַדוּן יָת חוֹבֵיהוֹן וְיָת חוֹבֵי אֲבָהַתְהוֹן בְּשִׁקְרְהוֹן דְשַׁקָרוּ קֳדָמַי וְאַף דִי הַלִיכוּ קֳדָמַי בְּקַשְׁיוּ

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And they shall confess their iniquity, and the iniquity of their fathers, in their treachery which they committed against Me, and also that they have walked contrary unto Me.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:LEV:818.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.26.40/