Leviticus 11:26 · JPS 1917
Every beast which parteth the hoof, but is not cloven footed, nor cheweth the cud, is unclean unto you; every one that toucheth them shall be unclean.
Who acts: beast, one · What happens: part, not be, chew, be, touch · To what, where: hoof, cud, beasts
This is Leviticus 11:26 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (beast, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 2 beast | det |
| 2 | beast | beast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 unclean | nsubj |
| 3 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 4 parteth | nsubj |
| 4 | parteth | part | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 beast | acl:relcl |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 hoof | det |
| 6 | hoof | hoof | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 parteth | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 footed | punct |
| 8 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 12 footed | cc |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 footed | cop |
| 10 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 footed | advmod |
| 11 | cloven | cloven | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 footed | amod |
| 12 | footed | footed | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 beast | acl:relcl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 cheweth | punct |
| 14 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 15 cheweth | cc |
| 15 | cheweth | chew | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 parteth | conj |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 cud | det |
| 17 | cud | cud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 cheweth | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 unclean | punct |
| 19 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 unclean | cop |
| 20 | unclean | unclean | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 21 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 22 you | case |
| 22 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 20 unclean | obl |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 unclean | punct |
| 24 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 25 one | det |
| 25 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 unclean | nsubj |
| 26 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 toucheth | nsubj |
| 27 | toucheth | touch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 one | acl:relcl |
| 28 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 toucheth | obj |
| 29 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 unclean | aux |
| 30 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 31 unclean | cop |
| 31 | unclean | unclean | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 unclean | parataxis |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 20 unclean | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | part | present | every beast | the hoof | vn separate-23.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hoof=Patient | ||||
| 2 | not is | present | every beast not said here | footed property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | chew | present | every beast not said here | the cud | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cud=Patient | ||||
| 4 | is | present | every beast | unto you; unclean property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | touch | present | every one | beasts = beast | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Co-Theme | ||||
| 6 | is | shall | every one | unclean property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
לְֽכָל־הַבְּהֵמָ֡ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִוא֩ מַפְרֶ֨סֶת פַּרְסָ֜ה וְשֶׁ֣סַע ׀ אֵינֶ֣נָּה שֹׁסַ֗עַת וְגֵרָה֙ אֵינֶ֣נָּה מַעֲלָ֔ה טְמֵאִ֥ים הֵ֖ם לָכֶ֑ם כָּל־הַנֹּגֵ֥עַ בָּהֶ֖ם יִטְמָֽא׃
Leviticus 11:26: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:LEV:280 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.280/