Coreference meets Universal Dependencies – a pilot experiment on harmonizing coreference datasets for 11 languages
What it is about
The report converts 17 existing coreference datasets for 11 languages into one scheme based on Universal Dependencies. The result is the collection CorefUD 0.1, of which a subset was released. All files are CoNLL-U, with the coreference and bridging information stored as attribute–value pairs in the MISC column. The authors first survey the resources and show how much they differ: how mentions are delimited, how zeros are represented, whether singletons are present, and how bridging and split antecedents are marked. Their design decisions include a rule to store bridging links as directed from the later mention to the earlier one. The authors say openly that the converters may still contain errors, and that future versions may not be backward compatible.
Ideas
- I1. Write Mova's coreference output in CoNLL-U with the same MISC keys, in
coref/src/corefud.rs. Test the round trip on English: read, write, read again, and require identical chains. - I2. Adopt the directed convention for bridging (later mention to earlier antecedent) as a Mova rule, and check it with a consistency test: every bridging link must point backward in the document.
- I3. Treat the report's list of converter risks as a checklist of invariants for Mova's own coreference export: no mention without a head, no chain that spans two documents, and no split antecedent without a plural anaphor.
- I4. Use the survey's table of mention-delimiting differences to write a test set of tricky English mentions (zeros in coordination, appositions, bound anaphora), with expected spans, for
coref/src/mention.rs.
For Mova
The chapter is 35. Reference and coreference. The code is coref/src/corefud.rs and coref/src/mention.rs. The measure is the round-trip exact match on English CorefUD-style files, and the CoNLL coref F1 where a gold file is allowed. The data have mixed licences, so use them for evaluation only and keep them out of any Mova release.
Cite
@inproceedings{nedoluzhko2021coreference,
title = {{Coreference meets Universal Dependencies – a pilot experiment on harmonizing coreference datasets for 11 languages}},
author = {Nedoluzhko, Anna and Novák, Michal and Popel, Martin and Žabokrtský, Zdeněk and Zeman, Daniel},
booktitle = {ÚFAL Technical Report TR-2021-66 (ISSN 1214-5521)},
year = {2021},
url = {https://ufal.mff.cuni.cz/techrep/tr66.pdf}
}References
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- T ECHNICAL R EPORTS The ÚFAL/CKL technical report series has been established with the aim of disseminate topical results of research currently pursued by members, cooperators, or visitors of the Institute. The technical reports published in this Series are results of the research carried out in the research projects supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic, GAČR 405/96/K214 (“Komplexní program”), GAČR 405/96/0198 (Treebank project), grant of the Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic VS 96151, and project of the Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic LN00A063 (Center for Computational Linguistics). Since November 1996, the following reports have been published. find
- ÚFAL TR-1996-01 Eva Hajičová, The Past and Present of Computational Linguistics at Charles University Jan Hajič and Barbora Hladká, Probabilistic and Rule-Based Tagging of an Inflective Language – A Comparison ÚFAL TR-1997-02 Vladislav Kuboň, Tomáš Holan and Martin Plátek, A Grammar-Checker for Czech ÚFAL TR-1997-03 Alla Bémová at al., Anotace na analytické rovině, Návod pro anotátory (in Czech) find
- ÚFAL TR-1997-04 Jan Hajič and Barbora Hladká, Tagging Inflective Languages: Prediction of Morphological Categories for a Rich, Structural Tagset ÚFAL TR-1998-05 Geert-Jan M. Kruijff, Basic Dependency-Based Logical Grammar ÚFAL TR-1999-06 Vladislav Kuboň, A Robust Parser for Czech ÚFAL TR-1999-07 Eva Hajičová, Jarmila Panevová and Petr Sgall, Manuál pro tektogramatické značkování (in Czech) find
- ÚFAL TR-2000-08 Tomáš Holan, Vladislav Kuboň, Karel Oliva, Martin Plátek, On Complexity of Word Order ÚFAL/CKL TR-2000-09 Eva Hajičová, Jarmila Panevová and Petr Sgall, A Manual for Tectogrammatical Tagging of the Prague Dependency Treebank ÚFAL/CKL TR-2001-10 Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Automatic Functor Assignment in the Prague Dependency Treebank ÚFAL/CKL TR-2001-11 Markéta Straňáková, Homonymie předložkových skupin v češtině a možnost jejich automatického zpracování ÚFAL/CKL TR-2001-12 Eva Hajičová, Jarmila Panevová and Petr Sgall, Manuál pro tektogramatické značkování (III. verze) find
- ÚFAL/CKL TR-2002-13 Pavel Pecina and Martin Holub, Sémanticky signifikantní kolokace ÚFAL/CKL TR-2002-14 Jiří Hana, Hana Hanová, Manual for Morphological Annotation ÚFAL/CKL TR-2002-15 Markéta Lopatková, Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Karolína Skwarská and Vendula Benešová, Tektogramaticky anotovaný valenční slovník českých sloves ÚFAL/CKL TR-2002-16 Radu Gramatovici and Martin Plátek, D-trivial Dependency Grammars with Global Word-Order Restrictions ÚFAL/CKL TR-2003-17 Pavel Květoň, Language for Grammatical Rules ÚFAL/CKL TR-2003-18 Markéta Lopatková, Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Karolina Skwarska, Václava Benešová, Valency Lexicon of Czech Verbs VALLEX 1.0 find
- ÚFAL/CKL TR-2003-19 Lucie Kučová, Veronika Kolářová, Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Petr Pajas, Oliver Čulo, Anotování koreference v Pražském závislostním korpusu ÚFAL/CKL TR-2003-20 Kateřina Veselá, Jiří Havelka, Anotování aktuálního členění věty v Pražském závislostním korpusu ÚFAL/CKL TR-2004-21 Silvie Cinková, Manuál pro tektogramatickou anotaci angličtiny ÚFAL/CKL TR-2004-22 Daniel Zeman, Neprojektivity v Pražském závislostním korpusu (PDT) find
- ÚFAL/CKL TR-2004-23 Jan Hajič a kol., Anotace na analytické rovině, návod pro anotátory ÚFAL/CKL TR-2004-24 Jan Hajič, Zdeňka Urešová, Alevtina Bémová, Marie Kaplanová, Anotace na tektogramatické rovině (úroveň 3) find
- ÚFAL/CKL TR-2004-25 Jan Hajič, Zdeňka Urešová, Alevtina Bémová, Marie Kaplanová, The Prague Dependency Treebank, Annotation on tectogrammatical level ÚFAL/CKL TR-2005-27 Jiří Hana, Daniel Zeman, Manual for Morphological Annotation (Revision for PDT 2.0) find
- ÚFAL/CKL TR-2005-28 Marie Mikulová a kol., Pražský závislostní korpus (The Prague Dependency Treebank) Anotace na tektogramatické rovině (úroveň 3) find
- ÚFAL/CKL TR-2005-29 Petr Pajas, Jan Štěpánek, A Generic XML-Based Format for Structured Linguistic Annotation and Its application to the Prague Dependency Treebank 2.0 find
- ÚFAL/CKL TR-2006-30 Marie Mikulová, Alevtina Bémová, Jan Hajič, Eva Hajičová, Jiří Havelka, Veronika Kolařová, Lucie Kučová, Markéta Lopatková, Petr Pajas, Jarmila Panevová, Magda Razímová, Petr Sgall, Jan Štěpánek, Zdeňka Urešová, Kateřina Veselá, Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Annotation on the tectogrammatical level in the Prague Dependency Treebank (Annotation manual) find
- ÚFAL/CKL TR-2006-31 Marie Mikulová, Alevtina Bémová, Jan Hajič, Eva Hajičová, Jiří Havelka, Veronika Kolařová, Lucie Kučová, Markéta Lopatková, Petr Pajas, Jarmila Panevová, Petr Sgall, Magda Ševčíková, Jan Štěpánek, Zdeňka Urešová, Kateřina Veselá, Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Anotace na tektogramatické rovině Pražského závislostního korpusu (Referenční příručka) find
- ÚFAL/CKL TR-2006-32 Marie Mikulová, Alevtina Bémová, Jan Hajič, Eva Hajičová, Jiří Havelka, Veronika Kolařová, Lucie Kučová, Markéta Lopatková, Petr Pajas, Jarmila Panevová, Petr Sgall,Magda Ševčíková, Jan Štěpánek, Zdeňka Urešová, Kateřina Veselá, Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Annotation on the tectogrammatical level in the Prague Dependency Treebank (Reference book) find
- ÚFAL/CKL TR-2006-33 Jan Hajič, Marie Mikulová, Martina Otradovcová, Petr Pajas, Petr Podveský, Zdeňka Urešová, Pražský závislostní korpus mluvené češtiny. Rekonstrukce standardizovaného textu z mluvené řeči ÚFAL/CKL TR-2006-34 Markéta Lopatková, Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Václava Benešová (in cooperation with Karolína Skwarska, Klára Hrstková, Michaela Nová, Eduard Bejček, Miroslav Tichý) Valency Lexicon of Czech Verbs. VALLEX 2.0 find
- ÚFAL/CKL TR-2006-35 Silvie Cinková, Jan Hajič, Marie Mikulová, Lucie Mladová, Anja Nedolužko, Petr Pajas, Jarmila Panevová, Jiří Semecký, Jana Šindlerová, Josef Toman, Zdeňka Urešová, Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Annotation of English on the tectogrammatical level ÚFAL/CKL TR-2007-36 Magda Ševčíková, Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Oldřich Krůza, Zpracování pojmenovaných entit v českých textech ÚFAL/CKL TR-2008-37 Silvie Cinková, Marie Mikulová, Spontaneous speech reconstruction for the syntactic and semantic analysis of the NAP corpus ÚFAL/CKL TR-2008-38 Marie Mikulová, Rekonstrukce standardizovaného textu z mluvené řeči v Pražském závislostním korpusu mluvené češtiny. Manuál pro anotátory ÚFAL/CKL TR-2008-39 Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Ondřej Bojar, TectoMT, Developer's Guide ÚFAL/CKL TR-2008-40 Lucie Mladová, Diskurzní vztahy v češtině a jejich zachycení v Pražském závislostním korpusu 2.0 find
- ÚFAL/CKL TR-2009-41 Marie Mikulová, Pokyny k překladu určené překladatelům, revizorům a korektorům textů z Wall Street Journal pro projekt PCEDT ÚFAL/CKL TR-2011-42 Loganathan Ramasamy, Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Tamil Dependency Treebank (TamilTB) – 0.1 Annotation Manual ÚFAL/CKL TR-2011-43 Ngụy Giang Linh, Michal Novák, Anna Nedoluzhko, Coreference Resolution in the Prague Dependency Treebank ÚFAL/CKL TR-2011-44 Anna Nedoluzhko, Jiří Mírovský, Annotating Extended Textual Coreference and Bridging Relations in the Prague Dependency Treebank ÚFAL/CKL TR-2011-45 David Mareček, Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Unsupervised Dependency Parsing ÚFAL/CKL TR-2011-46 Martin Majliš, Zdeněk Žabokrtský, W2C – Large Multilingual Corpus ÚFAL TR-2012-47 Lucie Poláková, Pavlína Jínová, Šárka Zikánová, Zuzanna Bedřichová, Jiří Mírovský, Magdaléna Rysová, Jana Zdeňková, Veronika Pavlíková, Eva Hajičová, Manual for annotation of discourse relations in the Prague Dependency Treebank ÚFAL TR-2012-48 Nathan Green, Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Ensemble Parsing and its Effect on Machine Translation ÚFAL TR-2013-49 David Mareček, Martin Popel, Loganathan Ramasamy, Jan Štěpánek, Daniel Zemana, Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Jan Hajič Cross-language Study on Influence of Coordination Style on Dependency Parsing Performance ÚFAL TR-2013-50 Jan Berka, Ondřej Bojar, Mark Fishel, Maja Popović, Daniel Zeman, Tools for Machine Translation Quality Inspection ÚFAL TR-2013-51 Marie Mikulová, Anotace na tektogramatické rovině. Dodatky k anotátorské příručce (s ohledem na anotování PDTSC a PCEDT) find
- ÚFAL TR-2013-52 Marie Mikulová, Annotation on the tectogrammatical level. Additions to annotation manual (with respect to PDTSC and PCEDT) find
- ÚFAL TR-2013-53 Marie Mikulová, Eduard Bejček, Jiří Mírovský, Anna Nedoluzhko, Jarmila Panevová, Lucie Poláková, Pavel Straňák, Magda Ševčíková, Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Úpravy a doplňky Pražského závislostního korpusu (Od PDT 2.0 k PDT 3.0) find
- ÚFAL TR-2013-54 Marie Mikulová, Eduard Bejček, Jiří Mírovský, Anna Nedoluzhko, Jarmila Panevová, Lucie Poláková, Pavel Straňák, Magda Ševčíková, Zdeněk Žabokrtský, From PDT 2.0 to PDT 3.0 (Modifications and Complements) find
- ÚFAL TR-2014-55 Rudolf Rosa, Depfix Manual ÚFAL TR-2014-56 Veronika Kolářová, Valence vybraných typů deverbativních substantiv ve valenčním slovníku PDT-Vallex ÚFAL TR-2014-57 Anna Nedoluzhko, Eva Fučíková, Jiří Mírovský, Jiří Pergler, Lenka Šíková, Annotation of coreference in Prague Czech-English Dependency Treebank ÚFAL TR-2015-58 Zdeňka Urešová, Eva Fučíková, Jana Šindlerová, CzEngVallex: Mapping Valency between Languages ÚFAL TR-2015-59 Kateřina Rysová, Magdaléna Rysová, Eva Hajičová, Topic–Focus Articulation in English Texts on the Basis of Functional Generative Description ÚFAL TR-2016-60 Kira Droganova, Daniel Zeman, Conversion of SynTagRus (the Russian dependency treebank) to Universal Dependencies ÚFAL TR-2018-61 Lukáš Kyjánek, Morphological Resources of Derivational Word-Formation Relations ÚFAL TR-2019-62 Zdeňka Urešová, Eva Fučíková, Eva Hajičová, CzEngClass: Contextually-based Synonymy and Valency of Verbs in a Bilingual Setting (CzEngClass: Kontextová synonymie a valence sloves v bilingvním prostředí) find
- ÚFAL TR-2019-63 Ján Faryad, Identifikace derivačních vztahů ve španělštině ÚFAL TR-2020-64 Marie Mikulová, Jan Hajič, Jíří Hana, Hana Hanová, Jaroslava Hlaváčová, Emil Jeřábek, Barbora Štěpánková, Barbora Vidová Hladká, Daniel Zeman, Manual for Morphological Annotation. Revision for Prague Dependency Treebank – Consolidated 2020 release ÚFAL TR-2021-65 Rudolf Rosa, Technická zpráva o vývoji projektu THEaiTRE v roce 2020 find
- ÚFAL TR-2021-66 Anna Nedoluzhko, Michal Novák, Martin Popel, Zdeněk Žabokrtský, Daniel Zeman, Coreference meets Universal Dependencies – a pilot experiment on harmonizing coreference datasets for 11 languages find our card
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