Friendly name-calling and real insults (meanings only)
Tests: 6 of 11 right · Exam: 2 of 4 right · Kind: plain · Understood: 7 of 15 · Run: 2026-10-18, commit f3c23ea72
Lesson 26 of the ukrainian street course of Mova's primary school, as Mova's small model took its tests: it had read this lesson and the ones before it and learned from their exercises. Each test shows the options in the order the student saw them, its choice, the right answer, the score of every option and why it chose. The lesson itself, sentence by sentence with trees and pragmatics: the lesson in the corpora.
Every question of this lesson and each of its options parsed by Mova, with trees and pragmatics: the lesson's questions in the corpora.
Test 1 · wrong ✗
my mate thinks durnyk is always a horrible insult. right?
- 1. No, it means clever — ← Mova's choice · score 8
- 2. No, between friends laughing it's a friendly tease — ✓ the right answer · no support
- 3. Yes, and it's a swear word — no support
- 4. Yes, always the worst insult — no support
Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 1 with score 8, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 26, line 6: «"durnyk" means "silly, dummy"; among friends it is said laughing, but said angrily it hurts, and it is never said to adults.», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «mean» (+4); the same doer «durnyk» (+4). The right option, 2, found no support in what it remembers. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics
Test 2 · right ✓
A kid snarls "kozel" at Sashko's dad in the street. How serious is it?
- 1. A real insult, very rude — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · no support
- 2. A compliment about his beard — no support
- 3. A word for "sir" — no support
- 4. A friendly joke — no support
Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics
Test 3 · wrong ✗
Sashko cries because his hamster died, and a boy says "plaksa!". What is true?
- 1. It means "hurry up" — ← Mova's choice · no support
- 2. It means "poor you" — no support
- 3. That's unkind: he's really upset — ✓ the right answer · no support
- 4. That's fine, it's just a friendly tease — no support
Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics
Test 4 · wrong ✗
oi zhadIba, give us one. What does the kid want?
- 1. You to leave him alone — ← Mova's choice · no support
- 2. You to stop talking — no support
- 3. You to share — ✓ the right answer · no support
- 4. You to say sorry to him — no support
Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics
Test 5 · wrong ✗
In a cartoon, a boy answers "durnyk!" with "DYAkuyu!". What would a real Ukrainian kid more likely say?
- 1. molodEts! — ← Mova's choice · score 8
- 2. sam takYi! — ✓ the right answer · score 8
- 3. DObryi DEN! — score 8
- 4. zhakh! — no support
Why: It took the question to ask what it is done to. It chose option 1 with score 8, tied with another option at 8 (the first shown, or the one claiming less beyond what it knows, wins). Its support: lesson 20, line 14: «"zhyvIt" means tummy or belly; "bolyt zhyvIt" is a tummy ache, and kids also say "puzo" or "puzyko", cheeky but fine among friends.», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same action «say» (+4); the same doer «kids» (+3); a different thing acted on (counts against) (+1). The right option, 2, scored 8. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics
Test 6 · right ✓
Your cousin thinks "tormoz" is a word for a fast runner. What does it mean?
- 1. A fast runner, literally a rocket — score 8
- 2. A clever kid — score 8
- 3. A strong kid — score 8
- 4. A slowcoach, literally a brake — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 12
Why: It took the question to ask what it is done to. It chose option 4 with score 12, against 8 for the next best. Its support: lesson 26, line 9: «"tormoz", literally "brake", means a slowcoach, someone slow to get a joke; it is mildly mean but fine between pals.», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same action «mean» (+4); the same doer «tormoz» (+3); it fills the role the question asks for (+3); the same thing acted on «slowcoach» (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics
Test 7 · right ✓
Sashko's little brother talks nonstop at dinner and their dad laughs: "bAlakun!". How does it sound?
- 1. A real, nasty insult — no support
- 2. A gentle tease — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 11
- 3. A rude swear word — no support
- 4. A punishment for talking — no support
Why: It took the question to ask what something is like. It chose option 2 with score 11, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 26, line 10: «"bAlakun" means chatterbox and is a gentle tease.», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: it fills the role the question asks for (+6); the same doer «balakun» (+3); the same property (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics
Test 8 · right ✓
Someone dares you to jump off a high wall and calls you "boyahuz". What's the smart move?
- 1. Say "ya ne boiusya" and still don't jump — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · no support
- 2. Push them — no support
- 3. Jump to prove them wrong — no support
- 4. Cry and call them plaksa — no support
Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics
Test 9 · wrong ✗
Why do kids hate being called "yabeda"?
- 1. It means they're stupid at school — ← Mova's choice · no support
- 2. Nobody likes being called a snitch — ✓ the right answer · no support
- 3. It means they're ugly — no support
- 4. It means they're poor and have no toys — no support
Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics
Test 10 · right ✓
Sashko's mum hears you say "lokh" and frowns. Why?
- 1. It's rude street slang she dislikes — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 7
- 2. She thinks you said "lock" — no support
- 3. It means "lazy" — no support
- 4. It's a swear word about mums — no support
Why: It took the question to ask why something happens (its cause). It chose option 1 with score 7, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 26, line 15: «"lokh" and "loshara" are rude street slang for sucker or loser; parents dislike them.», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same doer «lokh» (+3); the same thing acted on «rude street slang» (+3); the same light verb (be, have, do, get, go) (+1). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics
Test 11 · right ✓
You ask "ty shcho, durnyi?" angrily to a kid you don't know. How might he take it?
- 1. As an insult — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 5
- 2. As a compliment — score 5
- 3. As a greeting — score 5
- 4. As a friendly joke — score 5
Why: It took the question to ask what something is like. It chose option 1 with score 5, tied with another option at 5 (the first shown, or the one claiming less beyond what it knows, wins). Its support: lesson 19, line 3: «Some words need a gentle voice: "ya obrAzyvsya" means he is hurt by what you said, and you should say "proBAch!" and mean it.», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: the same doer «words» (+3); the same action «need» (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics
Exam question 1 · formal language · wrong ✗
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the term "durnyk" in the speech of Ukrainian children?
- 1. It is invariably a grave insult — ← Mova's choice · no support
- 2. It is a formal title addressed to elders — no support
- 3. It is invariably a compliment — no support
- 4. Its force depends upon tone, being amicable in jest and hurtful in anger — ✓ the right answer · no support
Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics
Exam question 2 · formal language · wrong ✗
Identify the conventional retort to name-calling, as employed by a boy.
- 1. sama taka! — ← Mova's choice · no support
- 2. proBAch! — no support
- 3. DYAkuyu! — no support
- 4. sam takYi! — ✓ the right answer · no support
Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics
Exam question 3 · formal language · right ✓
It is given that persons are designated by the names of animals such as "kozel", "korOva" or "svynya". Select the response consistent with the established facts.
- 1. Such designation is rude and constitutes an insult — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · no support
- 2. Such designation is formal and respectful — no support
- 3. Such designation is a religious greeting — no support
- 4. Such designation is affectionate, as among close friends — no support
Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics
Exam question 4 · formal language · right ✓
Ascertain the meaning and standing of the slang terms "lokh" and "loshara".
- 1. "Lucky" or "fortunate"; complimentary — no support
- 2. "Teacher" or "head"; formal and neutral — no support
- 3. "Friend" or "comrade"; polite and approved — no support
- 4. "Sucker" or "loser"; rude, and disliked by parents — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 4
Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 4 with score 4, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 26, line 15: «"lokh" and "loshara" are rude street slang for sucker or loser; parents dislike them.», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «dislike» (+2); the same circumstance (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/ukrainian-street/26-friendly-name-calling-and-real-insults/