R
- refined adjective (more refined, most refined)
1) Polite, well-mannered and with good taste. 2) Pure, with the rough parts removed (refined sugar, refined gold). - refiner noun
A person who purifies metal by melting it. - refining adjective
Purifying, as when metal is melted to remove the dross. - reflect verb (reflect, reflects, reflected, reflecting)
When a surface reflects light, sound or heat, it sends it back. - refrain verb (refrain, refrains, refrained, refraining); noun (a refrain, refrains)
To stop yourself from doing something: please refrain from talking. - refresh verb (refresh, refreshes, refreshed, refreshing); noun (a refresh — reloading a page)
To refresh means to make someone feel less tired or hot, and more lively again. - refuge noun (refuge — uncountable; a refuge, refuges)
Refuge is safety or shelter from danger, trouble or bad weather. - refulgent adjective
Shining very brightly. - refuse verb (refuse, refuses, refused, refusing — stress on «fuse»); noun (refuse — stress on «ref», means rubbish)
To refuse means to say no, or to not do something you are asked to do. - regard verb (regard, regards, regarded, regarding); noun (regard, regards)
To regard someone or something as something is to think of them that way: I regard him as a friend. - region noun (a region, regions)
A region is a large area of land or of a country, with its own features, such as a type of weather, plants or people. - register noun (a register, registers); verb (register, registers, registered, registering)
A register is an official list of names or things, like the list a teacher uses to check who is at school. - regularly adverb
Regularly means often and at the same times, again and again, like every day or every week. - regulate verb (regulate, regulates, regulated, regulating)
To regulate something is to control it with rules or laws. - rehearse verb (rehearse, rehearses, rehearsed, rehearsing)
To rehearse is to practise a play, song, dance or speech before doing it in front of people. - reign noun (a reign, reigns); verb (reign, reigns, reigned, reigning)
To reign is to rule a country as a king, queen or emperor. - rein noun (a rein, reins); verb (rein, reins, reined, reining; usually «rein in»)
Reins are the long straps fixed to a horse's bit, used by the rider or driver to guide it. - reiterate verb
To say or do something again, often more than once. - reject verb (reject, rejects, rejected, rejecting); noun (a reject, rejects)
To reject something is to refuse to accept, take or agree to it. - rejoice verb (rejoice, rejoices, rejoiced, rejoicing); noun rejoicing
To rejoice is to feel or show great joy or happiness. - rejoicing noun (plural rejoicings); verb form of rejoice (rejoice, rejoices, rejoiced, rejoicing)
Great joy and happy celebration, shown with parties, songs and dancing. - relate verb (relate, relates, related, relating)
To relate to something is to be connected with it. - relation noun (a relation, relations)
A member of your family; a relative: All our relations came for the party. - relations noun, plural of relation (a relation, relations)
Members of your family: aunts, uncles, cousins (relatives). - relationship noun (a relationship, relationships)
A relationship is the way two or more people or groups feel about and behave towards each other. - relativity noun
The idea in science that things such as motion and time depend on how they are measured and compared. - release verb (release, releases, released, releasing); noun (a release, releases; release, uncountable)
To release means to let go or set free: release a bird. - relevant adjective (relevant, more relevant, most relevant)
Connected with what is being talked about or done, and useful or important for it. - reliable adjective (reliable, more reliable, most reliable)
Reliable means you can trust someone or something to do what is expected, every time. - relief noun (relief, uncountable; a relief); adjective uses (relief teacher, relief map)
The happy, calm feeling when something bad or worrying stops or doesn't happen. - relieve verb (relieve, relieves, relieved, relieving)
To relieve pain, worry or a problem means to make it less or take it away. - religion noun (a religion, religions; religion — uncountable)
A religion is a set of beliefs about God or gods, with prayers, festivals and rules for living, shared by a group of people. - religious adjective (religious, more religious)
Religious means connected with religion, the belief in a god or gods and the ways people worship. - reluctantly adverb (reluctantly)
Unwillingly and slowly, not wanting to do something. - rely verb (rely, relies, relied, relying) — used with «on» or «upon»
To rely on someone means to trust them to help you or do what they say. - remain verb (remain, remains, remained, remaining); noun (remains)
To remain is to stay or still be there after other things have gone or been used: two cakes remain. - remainder noun (remainder, remainders)
The remainder is what is left over when a number cannot be divided exactly. - remark noun (a remark, remarks); verb (remark, remarks, remarked, remarking)
1) A remark is something you say or write about someone or something, usually short. 2) (verb) To remark is to say what you think or notice. - remedy noun (a remedy, remedies); verb (remedy, remedies, remedied, remedying)
A medicine or treatment that cures or helps an illness. - remember verb (remember, remembers, remembered, remembering)
To remember is to keep something in your mind and bring it back later: I remember my first day at school. - remembrance noun (remembrance — usually no plural)
The act of remembering someone or something, especially people who have died. - reminder noun (a reminder, reminders)
A reminder is a note, message or sign that helps you remember something. - remnant noun (a remnant, remnants)
A small part of something that is left after the rest has gone or been used: the remnants of the meal. - remove verb (remove, removes, removed, removing)
To remove is to take something away from where it was: remove the plates. - rend verb (rend, rends, rent, rending)
1) (old or literary) To tear something into pieces violently. 2) To break a silence or the air with a loud sound. 3) (literary) To cause… - render verb (render, renders, rendered, rendering)
To cause someone or something to be in a certain state: "rendered helpless". - rendering noun (a rendering, renderings); verb, -ing form of render (render, renders, rendered, rendering)
A performance or version of a song, poem or piece of music: a lovely rendering of the anthem. - rendition noun (a rendition, renditions)
A performance of a song, poem or piece of music, or the way it is done: a lovely rendition of the anthem. - renew verb (renew, renews, renewed, renewing)
To make something last longer, like a library book loan, a passport or a subscription. - renewal noun (a renewal, renewals; also uncountable)
1) Making something new, fresh or strong again. 2) Making an agreement, ticket or membership last longer: «library book renewal». 3)… - renown noun (renown — uncountable)
1) Fame and respect for doing something well. - rent noun (rent, rents); verb (rent, rents, rented, renting); also past of «rend» (old: torn)
Money paid regularly to use a house, flat, room or land that belongs to someone else. - repair verb (repair, repairs, repaired, repairing); noun (a repair, repairs)
To repair is to fix something that is broken or damaged. - repay verb (repay, repays, repaid, repaying)
To repay money is to pay back money that you borrowed. - repeat verb (repeat, repeats, repeated, repeating); noun (a repeat)
1) To repeat is to do or say something again. 2) To repeat after someone is to say the same words they said. 3) A repeat is a TV show… - repent verb (repent, repents, repented, repenting)
To repent is to feel truly sorry for something wrong you have done and to want to change. - repentance noun (repentance — uncountable)
Repentance is being truly sorry for something wrong you have done and wanting to change and not do it again. - repetition noun (repetition, repetitions)
Doing or saying something again and again: Learning times tables needs repetition. - replace verb (replace, replaces, replaced, replacing)
To replace something means to put a new thing in the place of an old or broken one. - replenish verb (replenish, replenishes, replenished, replenishing)
To replenish something is to fill it up again or bring it back to the amount it was before. - replicate verb
To make an exact copy of something, or to do something again in the same way. - report noun (a report, reports); verb (report, reports, reported, reporting)
A report is a piece of writing or a talk that gives facts about something. - repose noun (repose — uncountable); verb (repose, reposes, reposed, reposing — formal)
1) (formal) Rest, sleep or calm. 2) (verb, formal) To lie down or rest. 3) (verb, formal) To be kept or placed somewhere. 4) (church) "The… - represent verb (represent, represents, represented, representing)
To stand for or be a sign or symbol of something: a red cross represents first aid. - representation noun (representation, representations)
A picture, model or sign that shows or stands for something. - represented verb, past of represent
1) Stood for or was a symbol of something. 2) Spoke or acted for a person or group. 3) Was shown in a picture, chart or model. 4) Amounted… - reproach verb (reproach, reproaches, reproached, reproaching); noun (reproach, reproaches)
verb To tell someone, gently or sadly, that you are disappointed in what they did. - reproachfully adverb (reproachfully)
1) In a way that shows you are disappointed with someone or blame them. - reproduce verb (reproduce, reproduces, reproduced, reproducing)
Of living things: to have babies, young, seeds or new cells. - reproof noun (reproofs)
A reproof is a sharp word or talk that tells someone they have done wrong. - repudiate verb (repudiate, repudiates, repudiated, repudiating)
To refuse to accept or support something; to say firmly that it is wrong or not true. - reputation noun (a reputation, reputations)
A reputation is what people generally think about someone or something, based on what they have done in the past. - repute noun (repute, uncountable)
1) (formal) What people generally think of someone or something; reputation. - request noun (a request, requests); verb (request, requests, requested, requesting)
A request is the act of asking politely or formally for something. - require verb (require, requires, required, requiring)
1) To require is to need. A cake requires eggs. 2) To require is to make someone do something because of a rule: «Pupils are required to… - requite verb (requites, requited, requiting); old use
To requite someone is to pay them back for good or bad that they have done to you. - rescue verb (rescue, rescues, rescued, rescuing); noun (a rescue, rescues)
To save someone or something from danger or harm, or from a bad situation. - research noun (research — uncountable); verb (research, researches, researched, researching)
Research is careful study to find out new facts or information. - resemble verb (resemble, resembles, resembled, resembling)
1) To resemble someone or something means to look like them or be similar to them. - reserve verb (reserve, reserves, reserved, reserving); noun (a reserve, reserves)
To ask for something, like a table or a seat, to be kept for you: "We reserved a table.". - reservoir noun (a reservoir, reservoirs)
A large lake, often made by people with a dam, that stores water for a town or city. - resh noun
The twentieth letter of the Hebrew alphabet, which sounds like an r. - residue noun (a residue, residues)
A small amount of something that is left after the main part has gone or been used: a sticky residue on the table. - resign verb (resign, resigns, resigned, resigning)
To resign is to leave your job or position by choice, often by telling your employer officially. - resolution noun (a resolution, resolutions)
A resolution is a firm decision to do or not do something, such as a New Year's resolution. - resolve verb (resolve, resolves, resolved, resolving); noun (resolve, uncountable)
To solve or settle a problem, argument or question. - resolved verb, past form of resolve (resolve, resolves, resolved, resolving); adjective (resolved)
1) Solved or settled: The problem was resolved. 2) Decided firmly: She resolved to work harder. 3) (adjective, formal) Determined; having… - resort noun (a resort, resorts); verb (resort, resorts, resorted, resorting)
noun A place where people go on holiday: «a seaside resort», «a ski resort». - resound verb (resounds, resounded, resounding)
1) To resound is to make a loud sound that echoes. 2) To resound through a place is to fill it with sound. - resource noun (a resource, resources)
Something useful that you can use to help you do a job, such as books, tools, money or time. - respect noun (respect); verb (respect, respects, respected, respecting)
Respect is a feeling that someone or something is important and should be treated well. - respectfully adverb (respectfully)
Respectfully means in a polite way that shows you value someone and their feelings. - respective adjective (respective — used only before a noun)
Respective means belonging to each one of the people or things just named, in the same order. - respectively adverb
1) In the same order as the things just mentioned; each one matching the one in the same place in a list. - respite noun (respite, respites)
A short rest or break from something hard, painful or unpleasant. - resplendent adjective
Shining brightly and very splendid, so that it is hard not to look at it. - respond verb (respond, responds, responded, responding); noun response
To respond means to answer, by speaking or writing. - response noun (a response, responses)
A response is an answer or reply to a question, letter or message. - responsible adjective (responsible, more responsible, most responsible)
If you are responsible for something, it is your job or duty to look after it or do it. - rest noun (the rest; a rest, rests); verb (rest, rests, rested, resting)
The rest is what is left over after some part has been taken or used.
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