Where milk comes from: cow to carton, cheese, butter and yoghurt

Tests: 5 of 12 right · Exam: 3 of 4 right · Kind: plain · Understood: 11 of 16 · Run: 2026-10-18, commit f3c23ea72

Lesson 341 of the biology course of Mova's primary school, as Mova's small model took its tests: it had read this lesson and the ones before it and learned from their exercises. Each test shows the options in the order the student saw them, its choice, the right answer, the score of every option and why it chose. The lesson itself, sentence by sentence with trees and pragmatics: the lesson in the corpora.

Every question of this lesson and each of its options parsed by Mova, with trees and pragmatics: the lesson's questions in the corpora.

Test 1 · wrong ✗

In Tom and Jerry, Jerry nibbles a wedge of yellow cheese full of round holes. What is wrong with the cartoon?

1. Cheese with holes is not real cheese — no support
2. Cheese holes are made by mice eating it — ← Mova's choice · score 4
3. Most cheeses, like cheddar, have no holes; only a few like Emmental do — ✓ the right answer · no support
4. Nothing is wrong, because every kind of cheese has holes right through it — no support

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 2 with score 4, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 1, line 5: «In Tom and Jerry, Jerry lives in a hole in the wall and dreams of cheese; real house mice do live in the gaps of our houses, but they would much rather eat see…», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «eat» (+4). The right option, 3, found no support in what it remembers. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 2 · right ✓

«mate says bulls give milk too, just less of it» Is he right?

1. No, only a cow who has had a calf makes milk — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 4
2. Yes, bulls give about half as much milk as a cow does — no support
3. Yes, but only in winter — no support
4. Yes, but bull milk is blue — no support

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 1 with score 4, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 287, line 2: «A cow gives milk because, like every mammal mother, she makes it for her calf. A dairy cow can give 25 to 30 litres a day, and today many are milked by machine…», reached through a sentence linked to the one the question matched. What matched: the same action «make» (+3); the same doer «cow» (+2). Against it: a different thing acted on (counts against) (-1). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 3 · wrong ✗

Count them: 3 cows stand in the milking shed. How many teats does the machine need cups for, and how many tails swish?

1. 8 teats and 3 tails — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. 6 teats and 3 tails — no support
3. 12 teats and 3 tails — ✓ the right answer · no support
4. 12 teats and 6 tails — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 4 · right ✓

«a goat's got four teats like a cow, right?» What is the best answer?

1. No, a goat has two teats — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 9
2. No, a goat has only one — score -2
3. Yes, exactly four — no support
4. No, a goat has fourteen — no support

Why: It took the question to ask what it is done to. It chose option 1 with score 9, against -2 for the next best. Its support: lesson 341, line 6: «A cow's udder has four quarters, each with its own milk gland and its own teat; a goat or a sheep has two teats and a pig about fourteen.», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: the same light verb (be, have, do, get, go) (+6); it fills the role the question asks for (+3); the same thing acted on «two teats» (+1). Against it: the same doer «goat» (-1). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 5 · wrong ✗

What would happen to the milk supply if every cow on a farm had her calf in the same week?

1. The milk would stay exactly the same all year round, week after week after week — no support
2. There would be loads of milk for months, then almost none at once — ✓ the right answer · no support
3. The cows would give no milk at all — ← Mova's choice · score 7
4. The milk would turn into cream — no support

Why: It took the question to ask what happens next. It chose option 3 with score 7, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 341, line 7: «A cow gives milk only after she has had a calf; dairy cows usually calve about once a year and give milk for about ten months after, and a good one gives about…», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same doer «cow» (+4); the same action «give» (+2); the same thing acted on «milk» (+1). The right option, 2, found no support in what it remembers. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 6 · right ✓

«leave the milk out, it's fine, it's from the shop innit» Why should the milk go back in the fridge?

1. Germs that make milk go bad grow fast when it is warm — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 4
2. Milk freezes solid if it is left out on the table — score 2
3. Shop milk has no germs ever, so it does not matter where it goes — no support
4. Cold milk has more fat in it — score -2

Why: It took the question to ask why something happens (its cause). It chose option 1 with score 4, against 2 for the next best. Its support: lesson 320, line 11: «Bear cubs are born in the den in midwinter, tiny and blind, often under half a kilogram, and grow fast on rich milk before spring; a newborn giant panda is abo…», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same action «grow» (+2); the same property (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 7 · wrong ✗

«it's taken bloody ages, still just cream sloshing about» What will appear if he keeps shaking the jar?

1. A big block of hard yellow cheese with holes in it — no support
2. Ice cream — ← Mova's choice · score 6
3. A pot of thick, sour yoghurt — no support
4. A lump of butter and some thin buttermilk — ✓ the right answer · score -1

Why: It took the question to ask what it is done to. It chose option 2 with score 6, against -1 for the next best. Its support: lesson 341, line 13: «Shaking or churning cream makes the fat drops stick together into butter, leaving buttermilk, and about 20 litres of milk make one kilogram of butter.», reached through a sentence linked to the one the question matched. What matched: it fills the role the question asks for (+4); the same thing acted on «cream» (+3). Against it: a different action (counts against) (-1). The right option, 4, scored -1. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 8 · wrong ✗

Why does it take so many litres of milk to make one kilogram of butter or cheese?

1. Butter and cheese need milk to be boiled away completely — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. Milk is mostly water, and only a small part becomes butter or cheese — ✓ the right answer · no support
3. The cows drink most of the milk back — no support
4. Half the milk is spilt on the way — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 9 · wrong ✗

You live high in the Himalayas where cows struggle. Which animal would people there most likely milk?

1. A reindeer — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. A camel — no support
3. A water buffalo — no support
4. A yak — ✓ the right answer · no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 10 · right ✓

«my friend gets tummy ache from milk but eats cheddar fine, she's faking» What is the best reply?

1. Hard cheese and yoghurt have much less milk sugar left, so they can upset her less — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 2
2. Cheddar has extra milk sugar in it — no support
3. She must be faking, because cheese is just milk and should hurt her tummy the same — no support
4. Cheese is made from plants, not milk — no support

Why: It took the question to ask what it is done to. It chose option 1 with score 2, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 217, line 4: «Worms are the gardener's best friends: they pull dead leaves down into their burrows, eat them with soil and leave rich crumbly droppings, so a field full of w…», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: it fills the role the question asks for (+3); the same thing acted on «best friends» (+2). Against it: a different doer (counts against) (-3). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 11 · wrong ✗

In the film Barnyard, Otis, a male cow (a bull), has a big pink udder. What would a farmer say?

1. Right, every bull has an udder and gives milk, just like every cow does — ← Mova's choice · score 4
2. Bulls have no udders; only cows have udders and make milk — ✓ the right answer · score 4
3. Right, but bull udders are smaller — no support
4. Only bulls have udders, cows do not — score 4

Why: It took the question to ask what it is done to. It chose option 1 with score 4, tied with another option at 4 (the first shown, or the one claiming less beyond what it knows, wins). Its support: lesson 335, line 1: «Autumn is the garden packing its bags: trees pull useful stuff back out of their leaves, birds stuff their larders or fly south, and the last big jobs of the y…», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: it fills the role the question asks for (+3); the same thing acted on «bags» (+1). The right option, 2, scored 4. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 12 · right ✓

A sign on a carton says «UHT». What can you say about the milk before it is opened?

1. It is milk from a camel — score 9
2. It can keep for months on a shelf — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 11
3. It has had all its water taken out — no support
4. It must be drunk within a day — score 2

Why: It took the question to ask what it is done to. It chose option 2 with score 11, against 9 for the next best. Its support: lesson 341, line 10: «Pasteurised milk keeps about a week in the fridge, while UHT milk, heated much hotter for a few seconds, keeps for months on a shelf until it is opened.», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «keep» (+7); the same doer «pasteurised milk» (+4). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 1 · formal language · wrong ✗

Identify the condition under which a cow commences the production of milk.

1. Exclusively when milked by mechanical apparatus — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. Subsequent to the birth of a calf — ✓ the right answer · no support
3. Continuously from the moment of her own birth — no support
4. Upon the consumption of a sufficient quantity of grass — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 2 · formal language · right ✓

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the process of pasteurisation?

1. The milk is heated to approximately seventy-two degrees for fifteen seconds so that germs are destroyed — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 8
2. The milk is frozen to a very low temperature for several days so that all germs are rendered inactive permanently — no support
3. The milk is mixed with acid so that it thickens — no support
4. The fat of the milk is removed so that it keeps indefinitely — no support

Why: It took the question to ask who or what does it. It chose option 1 with score 8, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 341, line 9: «Milk is cooled to about 4 degrees straight after milking, and at the dairy it is heated to about 72 degrees for about 15 seconds; this pasteurisation, named af…», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «heat» (+3); the same thing acted on «milk» (+3); the same property (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 3 · formal language · right ✓

Ascertain the origin of the cavities observed in cheeses of the Emmental type.

1. Gas produced by bacteria during the ripening of the cheese — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · no support
2. The consumption of the cheese by rodents during storage — no support
3. The deliberate perforation of the cheese by its maker — no support
4. The evaporation of whey from the surface of the cheese — no support

Why: Nothing it remembers matched the question, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 4 · formal language · right ✓

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the production of yoghurt.

1. Milk is frozen and subsequently thawed so that it thickens — no support
2. Bacteria consume the sugar of milk kept at about forty degrees and produce acid that thickens it — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 4
3. Flour and sugar are added to cold milk and stirred — no support
4. Milk is boiled for several hours until all of its water is removed and the solid residue sets firmly in the pot — no support

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 2 with score 4, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 257, line 3: «The yoghurt in your fridge was made by bacteria that turned milk sugar into acid, and the bacteria in your gut help digest your dinner and make vitamins for yo…», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «make» (+4). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt/