🧚 Opening, part 1

=Kulóskap the Master=1

_And Other Algonkin Poems_2

And bade the little creature come to him; Back smiled the baby, but it did not budge.3 (_See page 108.4

Kulóskap the Master5

_And Other Algonkin Poems_6

_Translated Metrically by_7

CHARLES GODFREY LELAND, Hon.8 F.R.S.L.; M.A.9

(Harvard)10

Author of “The Algonquin Legends of New England”11

AND12

JOHN DYNELEY PRINCE, Ph.D.13 (Johns Hopkins)14

Professor in Columbia University and author of various articles on Algonkin dialects15

_FUNK & WAGNALLS COMPANY_16

_New York and London_17

_1902_18

COPYRIGHT, 1902 By FUNK & WAGNALLS COMPANY NEW YORK19

Registered at Stationers’ Hall, London, England20

Printed in the United States of America21

Published November, 190222

_ILLUSTRATIONS IN THE VOLUME_23

_Half-tone Text Illustrations by F.24 BERKELEY SMITH_25

_Ten Tracings after Indian Designs by CHARLES GODFREY LELAND_26

_Frontispiece by EDWIN WILLARD DEMING_27

=Contents=28

PAGE =Preface=--By CHARLES GODFREY LELAND 11 =Introduction=--By JOHN DYNELEY PRINCE 2129

_PART FIRST--THE EPIC OF KULÓSKAP_30

=Canto First=--_Creation Legends_ I. The Birth of Kulóskap 43 II.31 The Creation of Man and the Animals 50 III.32 The Origin of the Rattlesnakes 56 IV.33 How Kulóskap named the Animals 5934

=Canto Second=--_The Master’s Kindness to Man_ I. What Kulóskap did for the Indians 62 II.35 How Kulóskap granted Gifts and Favors to many Indians 64 III.36 Kulóskap and the Fool 90 IV.37 The Three Brothers who became Trees 94 V. Kulóskap and the Wise Wishers 98 VI.38 How Kulóskap was conquered by the Babe 10739

=Canto Third=--_The Master and the Animals_ I. Kulóskap and the Loons 110 II.40 Kulóskap and the Beaver 112 III.41 The Sable and the Serpent 118 IV.42 Kulóskap and the Turtle 123 V. How Mikchik the Turtle was false to the Master 136 VI.43 How Kulóskap conquered Aklibimo the Great Bull Frog 140 VII.44 How Kulóskap went Whale Fishing 152 VIII.45 Kulóskap and Wuchōsen the Wind Eagle 15846

=Canto Fourth=--_The Master and the Sorcerers_ I. Kulóskap and Winpe 162 II.47 How a Witch sought to cajole the Master 172 III.48 How Kulóskap fought the Giant Sorcerers 174 IV.49 How the Master showed himself a Great Smoker 182 V. Kulóskap and the Witch 185 VI.50 Kulóskap and the Witch called “The Pitcher” 194 VII.51 How Kulóskap sailed through the Cavern of Darkness 203 VIII.52 How the Master found the Summer 208 IX.53 How Kulóskap left the World 213 X.54 The Master and the Final Day 21755

_PART SECOND--WITCHCRAFT LORE_56

I. The Wizard’s Chant 223 II.57 The Woman and the Serpent 225 III.58 The Wizard Snake 229 IV.59 The Measuring Worm 231 V. The Pʾmûla or Air-Demon 236 VI.60 The Little Boy kidnapped by the Bear 239 VII.61 The Wizard and the Christian Priest 242 VIII.62 Wizard Warfare 244 IX.63 The Wizard’s Hunting 250 X.64 Six Short Tales of Witchcraft 253 XI.65 A Delaware Youth and his Uncle 256 XII.66 The Dance of Old Age 260 XIII.67 A Tale of the River-Elves 26968

_PART THIRD--LYRICS AND MISCELLANY_69

I. The Song of Lappilatwan 273 II.70 The Story of Nipon the Summer 283 III.71 The Scarlet Tanager and the Leaf 295 IV.72 The Blind Boy 305 V. A Passamaquoddy Love Song 308 VI.73 The Song of the Stars 312 VII.74 How the Indians lost their Power 314 VIII.75 The Partridge and the Spring 320 IX.76 Lox, the Indian Devil 32577

=L’Envoi= 33778

=Appendix=: _The Passamaquoddy Wampum Records_ 34079

=Glossary= 36180

=Full Page Illustrations=81

PAGE Kulóskap and the Babe _Frontispiece_ The Creation of Man 50 The Origin of the Rattlesnakes 58 What Kulóskap did for the Indians 67 Kulóskap and the Loons 110 Kulóskap and the Beaver 116 The Sable and the Serpent 122 How Kulóskap went Whale Fishing 154 Kulóskap and Winpe 170 How Kulóskap fought the Giant Sorcerers at Saco 178 How Kulóskap sailed through the Cavern of Darkness 205 The Little Boy Kidnapped by the Bear 241 Wizard Warfare 246 The Dance of Old Age 266 Lox, the Indian Devil 33382

=Preface=83

BY84

CHARLES GODFREY LELAND85

PREFACE86

Very few persons are aware that there has perished, or is rapidly perishing, among the Red Indians of North America, far more poetry than was ever written by all the white inhabitants and that this native verse is often of a very high order.87 For the Indian sagas, or legends, or traditions were, in fact, all songs; as is the case to this day with similar lore in Italy.88 Indeed, in the latter country, I have been asked if I would have a fairy tale chanted or repeated as prose!89 Thus, all the narratives in my “Algonquin Legends of New England,” especially those referring to Kulóskap (Klûskâbe), or to the gods, might have been correctly made into a poetic cycle, as the Finnish Kalevala was made by Lönnrot.90

After I had published my Legends, however, I was made aware by Louis Mitchell, a Passamaquoddy Indian, who had been in the Legislature of Maine, and had collected and written out for me, with strictest literalness, a great number of manuscripts, that there were in existence certain narratives and poems quite different in kind from anything which I possessed.91 Among the former was a History of the Passamaquoddy Tribe, illustrated with numerous designs of the birchbark school of art, which I transferred to my friend the late Dr. D. G. Brinton as its most appropriate possessor.92 Three of the poems Mitchell wrote out for me in exact, though often quite ungrammatical language, which was so close to the original that the metres betrayed themselves throughout.93 I regret that, though I had certainly acquired some knowledge of “Indian,” it was, as a Passamaquoddy friend one day amiably observed, “only baby Injun now grow bigger some day like Miʿkumwess s’posin’ you want to,” in reference to a small goblin who is believed to have the power of increasing his stature at will.94 However, I with great care put the Mitchell Anglo-Algonkin into English metre, having been impressed, while at the work, with the exquisitely naïve and fresh character of the original, which, while it often reminded me of Norse poetry, in many passages had strictly a life and beauty of its own.95

Among my varied and most valued small possessions is what was once, beyond doubt, the sketch book of Salvator Rosa himself, consisting of a number of blank leaves on one of which still remains an exquisite pen sketch of a head by Bronzino.96 There were in it also, at one time, as appears from a memorandum and on a flyleaf, several sketches of Salvator, but these have been cut out and sold.97 The binding or cover of the book was made from a large folio-thick parchment leaf from a fourteenth century religious manuscript, whereon are seven illuminated vermilion capitals still remaining.98 And, as my manuscript exactly fitted the cover, I placed it therein, where it rested for many years, undisturbed even by a thought save when it occurred to me how the great and savage master, who was himself a poet, would have rejoiced among Indians and liked their lyrics!99

“Io sono pittore Gar flink mit der Hand Und bin Salvatore La Rosa genannt.”100

It so befell that I, _per fortuna_, became correspondent with Professor J. Dyneley Prince, who had come some time after but got far before me in a knowledge of Algonkin, as was shown in various papers containing the original text and translations of Algonkin legends in different dialects.101 Whereupon, the thought occurred to me that this fully qualified scholar might revise, correct, and compare my metrical version with the original text, which task would be much facilitated by the fact that he also was well acquainted with Louis Mitchell, and I may here mention that, while I had at one time obtained an accurate copy of the celebrated Algonkin “Wampum Record” which was recited annually in bygone days at the Council of the Tribes, and had it read to me, and written out in Indian English.102 Prof.103 Dyneley Prince has himself translated it and reproduces a portion of it in the present work.104 So it came to pass that this book was written.105 And I may here mention that my colleague, while his specialty is the Semitic tongues, also has (like my late friend E. H. Palmer, who professed Arabic at Cambridge) the gift of the Romany and even Shelta, which are as the Latin and Greek of the roads!106