Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool

Tests: 3 of 13 right · Exam: 2 of 4 right · Kind: plain · Understood: 13 of 17 · Run: 2026-10-18, commit f3c23ea72

Lesson 82 of the world course of Mova's primary school, as Mova's small model took its tests: it had read this lesson and the ones before it and learned from their exercises. Each test shows the options in the order the student saw them, its choice, the right answer, the score of every option and why it chose. The lesson itself, sentence by sentence with trees and pragmatics: the lesson in the corpora.

Every question of this lesson and each of its options parsed by Mova, with trees and pragmatics: the lesson's questions in the corpora.

Test 1 · wrong ✗

You hold an ice cube in your hand. What really happens?

1. Heat flows from your hand into the ice — ✓ the right answer · no support
2. Nothing flows until the ice melts — ← Mova's choice · score 6
3. Heat flows from the ice into your hand — no support
4. Cold flows from the ice into your hand — no support

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 2 with score 6, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 65, line 5: «Ice sheets hold about two thirds of the Earth's fresh water. When ice on land melts, the sea rises; when floating sea ice melts, the sea hardly changes, just a…», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «melt» (+3); the same doer «ice» (+3). The right option, 1, found no support in what it remembers. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 2 · wrong ✗

Which is true about warm water in a lake in summer?

1. Warm and cold water always mix evenly — score 3
2. The water warms from the bottom upwards — ← Mova's choice · score 5
3. Warm water sinks and stays at the bottom — score 5
4. Warm water rises and stays near the top — ✓ the right answer · score 5

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 2 with score 5, tied with another option at 5 (the first shown, or the one claiming less beyond what it knows, wins). Its support: lesson 50, line 16: «Water warms up and cools down more slowly than land, so places by the sea have milder winters and cooler summers.», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same action «warm up» (+3); the same doer «water» (+2). The right option, 4, scored 5. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 3 · wrong ✗

A tight metal lid will not come off a glass jar. Holding the lid under hot water helps. Why?

1. The hot water makes the glass soft — ← Mova's choice · score 6
2. The heat melts the glue under the lid — no support
3. The glass expands more and pushes the lid — no support
4. The metal lid expands and loosens — ✓ the right answer · no support

Why: It took the question to ask why something happens (its cause). It chose option 1 with score 6, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 43, line 4: «Water shapes the land too: a river carries sand and stones that scrape its bed, and over thousands of years it cuts a deep valley shaped like the letter V; whe…», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same action «build» (+3); the same doer «water» (+3). The right option, 4, found no support in what it remembers. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 4 · wrong ✗

A black car and a white car stand in the sun all day. Which one is hotter inside?

1. The white car, because white keeps heat in — score 5
2. The black car, because it absorbs more radiation — ✓ the right answer · score 5
3. Both the same, because the sun is the same — ← Mova's choice · score 7
4. The white car, because it absorbs more radiation — score 5

Why: It took the question to ask who or what does it. It chose option 3 with score 7, against 5 for the next best. Its support: lesson 8, line 14: «The Sun is about 400 times wider than the Moon and about 400 times farther away, so they look almost the same size in the sky.», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: it fills the role the question asks for (+4); the same doer «sun» (+3). The right option, 2, scored 5. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 5 · wrong ✗

A cold drink is left in a warm room. What happens to it?

1. It warms up until it is hotter than the room — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. It warms up until it is as warm as the room — ✓ the right answer · no support
3. It cools the room down until it is very cold — no support
4. It stays cold because it started cold — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 6 · wrong ✗

Why does a saucepan often have a plastic or wooden handle?

1. They conduct heat well, so the food cooks fast — ← Mova's choice · score 10
2. They conduct heat poorly, so the handle stays cool — ✓ the right answer · score 10
3. They make the pan heat up more evenly inside — no support
4. They are stronger than metal when they are hot — score 5

Why: It took the question to ask why something happens (its cause). It chose option 1 with score 10, tied with another option at 10 (the first shown, or the one claiming less beyond what it knows, wins). Its support: lesson 18, line 5: «For example, a metal spoon left in hot tea soon has a hot handle, but a wooden spoon does not, because metal conducts heat and wood insulates.», reached through the cause of the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «conduct» (+5); the same thing acted on «heat» (+4); a different doer (counts against) (+1). The right option, 2, scored 10. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 7 · right ✓

In a room, where is the air usually warmest?

1. Near the ceiling — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 4
2. Exactly the same everywhere — score 3
3. In the middle of the floor — score 3
4. Near the floor — score 3

Why: It took the question to ask where. It chose option 1 with score 4, against 3 for the next best. Its support: lesson 15, line 2: «The air above us presses on everything; this push is called air pressure. Warm air is lighter and rises, while cool air is heavier and sinks.», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same property (+2); the same doer «warm air» (+1); the same light verb (be, have, do, get, go) (+1). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 8 · right ✓

A tiny spark from a sparkler is far hotter than warm bathwater, yet it barely hurts your hand. Why?

1. The spark is so small it holds very little heat — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · no support
2. The spark is not really hot at all, it is only bright — no support
3. Your hand is much hotter than the spark, so it wins — no support
4. The spark is cold on the outside and hot only inside — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 9 · wrong ✗

Which thing is the best way to keep ice cream cold on a picnic?

1. Put it in a thin metal tin out in the sun — ← Mova's choice · score 3
2. Wrap it in a thick blanket or a cool box — ✓ the right answer · no support
3. Leave the lid open so that the cold stays in — no support
4. Wrap it up tightly in black plastic in the sun — no support

Why: It took the question to ask who or what does it. It chose option 1 with score 3, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 39, line 2: «A burn should be cooled under cool running water for about 20 minutes. Never put ice, butter or cream on it: ice damages the skin further and butter keeps the…», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same thing acted on «ice» (+4); the same action «put» (+2). Against it: one says «not», the other does not (counts against) (-3). The right option, 2, found no support in what it remembers. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 10 · wrong ✗

why does the metal bench feel colder than the wooden one when they're both out in the cold

1. Wood makes its own heat from the sun — ← Mova's choice · score 4
2. Metal is always much colder than wood outside — score 3
3. Metal pulls cold in from the air around it — score 1
4. Metal conducts heat away from your skin faster — ✓ the right answer · no support

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 1 with score 4, against 3 for the next best. Its support: lesson 82, line 5: «Cold is not a thing that flows. When metal feels cold, it is because the metal carries heat away from your hand quickly; a wooden bench at the same temperature…», reached through a sentence linked to the one the question matched. What matched: the same thing acted on «heat» (+3); the same doer «wood» (+2). Against it: a different action (counts against) (-1). The right option, 4, found no support in what it remembers. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 11 · wrong ✗

wearing black on a sunny day, is that gonna be hot

1. No, colour makes no difference to heat — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. Yes, dark dull surfaces absorb heat radiation better — ✓ the right answer · no support
3. Yes, black clothes make their own heat — no support
4. No, black reflects all the Sun's heat away — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 12 · right ✓

Leo says a coat makes heat to keep u warm. true?

1. No, it slows heat escaping from your body — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 5
2. Yes, but only thick wool coats can do that — no support
3. No, a coat lets the cold flow into your body — no support
4. Yes, the cloth makes its own warmth as you move — no support

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 1 with score 5, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 66, line 10: «Hot deserts can be very cold at night because dry clear air lets heat escape.», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same action «escape» (+3); the same doer «heat» (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 13 · wrong ✗

my sister reckons cold flows into ur drink from the ice. right?

1. No, heat flows from the ice into the drink — ← Mova's choice · score 5
2. No, heat flows from the warm drink into the colder ice — ✓ the right answer · score 5
3. Yes, but only when the drink is fizzy — no support
4. Yes, cold always flows from ice into drinks — score 4

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 1 with score 5, tied with another option at 5 (the first shown, or the one claiming less beyond what it knows, wins). Its support: lesson 82, line 2: «Heat keeps flowing until both things reach the same temperature. A cup of hot cocoa cools down to room temperature, and an ice cube from the freezer warms up a…», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «flow» (+4); the same doer «heat» (+1). The right option, 2, scored 5. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 1 · formal language · wrong ✗

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the flow of heat between two bodies?

1. It flows only when both bodies are of metal — no support
2. It flows from the hotter to the colder until their temperatures are equal — ✓ the right answer · no support
3. It flows in both directions in equal amounts — ← Mova's choice · score 6
4. It flows from the colder to the hotter without end — no support

Why: It took the question to ask who or what does it. It chose option 3 with score 6, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 60, line 6: «Heat flows from hotter things to colder things.», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: the same place «hotter things» (+6); the same action «flow» (+1). Against it: a different doer (counts against) (-1). The right option, 2, found no support in what it remembers. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 2 · formal language · wrong ✗

Identify the designation of heat carried by moving liquids or gases.

1. Radiation — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. Conduction — no support
3. Convection — ✓ the right answer · no support
4. Insulation — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 3 · formal language · right ✓

It is given that a metal rail and a wooden bench stand at the same temperature. Ascertain the reason for which the metal feels colder to the touch.

1. The metal conducts heat away from the skin faster — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 6
2. The metal is at a lower temperature than the wood — no support
3. The wood produces heat of its own — score 4
4. The metal absorbs cold from the air — score 2

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 1 with score 6, against 4 for the next best. Its support: lesson 82, line 14: «Metal feels colder than wood at the same temperature because it conducts heat away from your skin faster.», reached through a sentence linked to the one the question matched. What matched: the same thing acted on «heat» (+3); the same doer «metal» (+2); the same property (+2). Against it: a different action (counts against) (-1). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 4 · formal language · right ✓

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning a full bath of warm water and a small cup of boiling water.

1. The cup holds more heat, since its temperature is higher — score 4
2. The bath holds more heat, though its temperature is lower — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 8
3. Both hold exactly the same quantity of heat — no support
4. Neither holds any heat whatsoever — score 4

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 2 with score 8, against 4 for the next best. Its support: lesson 82, line 18: «A full bath of warm water holds more heat than a small cup of boiling water.», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «hold» (+3); the same doer «full bath» (+3); the same thing acted on «more heat» (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/82-heat-and-temperature/