Lungs and breathing

Tests: 4 of 11 right · Exam: 1 of 4 right · Kind: plain · Understood: 9 of 15 · Run: 2026-10-18, commit f3c23ea72

Lesson 66 of the biology course of Mova's primary school, as Mova's small model took its tests: it had read this lesson and the ones before it and learned from their exercises. Each test shows the options in the order the student saw them, its choice, the right answer, the score of every option and why it chose. The lesson itself, sentence by sentence with trees and pragmatics: the lesson in the corpora.

Every question of this lesson and each of its options parsed by Mova, with trees and pragmatics: the lesson's questions in the corpora.

Test 1 · wrong ✗

shut up and blow, how come one breath can blow up a whole balloon?

1. Your lungs hold a few litres of air and you push most of it out — ✓ the right answer · no support
2. Your stomach blows extra air into the balloon too — no support
3. The balloon sucks the air out of you by itself once you start blowing — score 1
4. Breath swells up to ten times bigger once it is warm — ← Mova's choice · score 4

Why: It took the question to ask what something is like. It chose option 4 with score 4, against 1 for the next best. Its support: lesson 26, line 8: «Whales breathe through a blowhole on top of the head, and the spout is warm wet breath forming a cloud of mist.», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same doer «warm wet breath» (+4); it fills the role the question asks for (+1). Against it: the same property (-1). The right option, 1, found no support in what it remembers. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 2 · right ✓

In a cartoon a fish lies on the beach and breathes fine for an hour. Put it right.

1. Fish do not need to breathe at all, so nothing goes wrong — score 0
2. Fish can breathe air just as well as water, so the cartoon is fine — score 1
3. Out of water a fish's gills collapse and it cannot get oxygen — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 3
4. Fish can hold their breath for days, so an hour is easy — no support

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 3 with score 3, against 1 for the next best. Its support: lesson 66, line 19: «Fish take oxygen from water with gills, thin feathery parts full of blood vessels; water goes in through the mouth and out over the gills, and out of water the…», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same doer «fish» (+1); the same thing acted on «oxygen» (+1); the same light verb (be, have, do, get, go) (+1). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 3 · right ✓

My brother says whales are fish because they live in the sea. Right?

1. No, whales are really a kind of giant shark — score 9
2. Yes, they have gills hidden just under the blowhole — no support
3. No, whales breathe air with lungs through a blowhole — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 11
4. Yes, the blow is the water coming out of their gills — no support

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 3 with score 11, against 9 for the next best. Its support: lesson 26, line 1: «Whales are mammals, not fish: they breathe air, are warm-blooded, give birth to live babies and feed them milk, and their ancestors were land mammals that went…», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same doer «whales» (+5); the same action «breathe» (+4); the same thing acted on «air» (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 4 · right ✓

What would happen if your nose had no hairs or mucus?

1. You would sneeze every single second — no support
2. Nothing at all would change for you — no support
3. More dust and germs would reach your lungs — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 3
4. You could smell everything much better — no support

Why: It took the question to ask what happens next. It chose option 3 with score 3, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 66, line 13: «The nose warms and moistens air, and its hairs and sticky mucus catch dust and germs before they reach the lungs.», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «reach» (+2); the same thing acted on «lungs» (+2). Against it: a different doer (counts against) (-1). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 5 · right ✓

The whole class yawns one after another. What does that show?

1. Yawns are a sign that everyone is very hungry — no support
2. Everyone in the class is getting ill with flu — no support
3. The classroom has run out of air for everyone — no support
4. Yawns are catching, though nobody knows exactly why — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 8

Why: It took the question to ask what it is done to. It chose option 4 with score 8, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 66, line 15: «Nobody knows for sure why we yawn; one idea is that it helps cool the brain, and yawns are catching, so seeing someone yawn often makes you yawn.», reached through the same lesson line as the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same action «catch» (+4); the same doer «yawns» (+4). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 6 · wrong ✗

lol why does my throat buzz when i hum?

1. There is a bee stuck in your throat lol — ← Mova's choice · score -1
2. Your lungs are rattling against your ribs — no support
3. Your teeth are humming along with you — no support
4. Air is making your vocal cords vibrate — ✓ the right answer · no support

Why: It took the question to ask why something happens (its cause). It chose option 1 with score -1, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 26, line 9: «Baleen whales like humpbacks and blue whales have no teeth, but baleen plates that sieve krill and small fish from huge mouthfuls of water; a blue whale's thro…», reached through the cause of the sentence the question matched. What matched: the same doer «throat» (+1). Against it: a different action (counts against) (-2). The right option, 4, found no support in what it remembers. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 7 · wrong ✗

Lily breathes faster after running even though she stopped. Why does it keep going for a bit?

1. Her heart is still pushing air into her lungs as fast as it can — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. Her lungs forgot to slow down and need a reminder from her brain and her teacher — no support
3. Her body still has extra carbon dioxide to breathe out and oxygen to make up — ✓ the right answer · no support
4. Her nose got blocked during the race so she has to gasp — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 8 · wrong ✗

hiccups again!! my nan says it's my lungs hiccuping. right?

1. Yes, the lungs are coughing because air went the wrong way — no support
2. Yes, the lungs hop up and down inside your chest — ← Mova's choice · score 4
3. No, a hiccup is a sudden jerk of the diaphragm under the lungs — ✓ the right answer · no support
4. No, it is your heart skipping a beat every few seconds — no support

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 2 with score 4, the only option with support. Its support: lesson 66, line 6: «The lungs are two spongy organs in the chest; a child's lungs hold about 2 to 3 litres of air and an adult's about 6 litres.», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: the same doer «lungs» (+2); the same place «chest» (+2). The right option, 3, found no support in what it remembers. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 9 · wrong ✗

Why does a whale's blow look like a fountain on a cold day?

1. The whale is blowing a big jet of bubbles out of its tail — ← Mova's choice · score 2
2. The whale is spouting out the seawater it swallowed into its stomach — score 2
3. Its warm, wet breath turns to mist in the cold air, with some spray — ✓ the right answer · no support
4. The whale is sneezing out the little fish it could not eat — score 2

Why: It took the question to ask why something happens (its cause). It chose option 1 with score 2, tied with another option at 2 (the first shown, or the one claiming less beyond what it knows, wins). Its support: lesson 26, line 10: «Humpback whales work together to blow a spiral net of bubbles that traps a shoal of fish, then rise through it with mouths open.», reached through the option's own match among the sentences about the question's things. What matched: the same action «blow» (+2); the same doer «humpback whales» (+1). Against it: a different thing acted on (counts against) (-1). The right option, 3, found no support in what it remembers. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 10 · wrong ✗

In a game your hero holds his breath for an hour underwater. Which animal could really do that?

1. Goldfish — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. Pet dogs — no support
3. Humans who train hard — no support
4. Some whales — ✓ the right answer · no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Test 11 · wrong ✗

Why is the inside of the lungs made of millions of tiny sacs instead of one big bag?

1. Tiny sacs make the voice louder when you shout or sing — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. Tiny sacs are much lighter for the body to carry around all day long — no support
3. Many tiny sacs give a huge surface for oxygen to pass into blood — ✓ the right answer · no support
4. One big bag would get far too cold in the winter — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 1 · formal language · wrong ✗

Identify the principal function of the alveoli of the lungs.

1. The filtration of dust from inspired air — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. The storage of food reserves for the body — no support
3. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide — ✓ the right answer · no support
4. The production of the voice by vibration — no support

Why: Nothing it remembers matched the question, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 2 · formal language · wrong ✗

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the action of the diaphragm during inspiration?

1. It closes the windpipe against the entry of food — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. It ascends and compresses the lungs from below and behind — no support
3. It contracts and descends, enlarging the chest cavity — ✓ the right answer · no support
4. It remains wholly inactive throughout inspiration — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 3 · formal language · wrong ✗

It is given that a person has engaged in vigorous running. Ascertain the principal stimulus for the consequent increase in rate of breathing.

1. A reduction in the size of the lungs during exertion — ← Mova's choice · no support
2. The cooling of the blood by the evaporation of sweat — no support
3. A rise in carbon dioxide detected by the brain — ✓ the right answer · no support
4. The obstruction of the nasal passages by mucus — no support

Why: No option found support in what it remembers, so it guessed: it took the first option shown. · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

Exam question 4 · formal language · right ✓

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the respiration of whales.

1. Whales extract oxygen from sea water by means of gills — score 4
2. Whales respire through the skin alone while submerged — score 4
3. Whales do not require oxygen at any point in their lives — score 4
4. Whales breathe air by means of lungs through a blowhole — ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer · score 9

Why: It took the question to ask which statement is true. It chose option 4 with score 9, against 4 for the next best. Its support: lesson 26, line 1: «Whales are mammals, not fish: they breathe air, are warm-blooded, give birth to live babies and feed them milk, and their ancestors were land mammals that went…», reached through the remembered sentence the question matched. What matched: the same thing acted on «air» (+5); the same action «breathe» (+2); the same doer «whales» (+2). · the question and its options parsed, with trees and pragmatics

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/66-lungs-and-breathing/